Chapter 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Differentiated Instruction
teaching that takes into account students’ abilities, prior knowledge, and challenges so that instruction matches not only the subject being taught but also the student’s needs
Educational Psychology
the discipline concerned with teaching and learning processes; it applies the methods and theories of psychology and has its own as well
Descriptive Studies
studies that collect detailed information about specific situations, often using observation, surveys, interviews, recordings, or a combinationn of these methods
Ethnography
a descriptive approach to research that focuses onn lifer within a group and tries to understand the meaning of eventds to the people involved
Participant Observation
a method for conducting descriptive research in which the researcher becomes a participant in the situaiton in order to understand life in that group
Case Study
Intensive study of one person or one situation
Correlation
statistical description of how closesly two variables are related
Positive correlation
a relationship between two variables in which the two incnrease or decrease together
Negative correlation
a relationship between two variables in which a value on one is associated with a low value on the other
Experimentation
research method in which variables are maniuplated annd the effects are recorded
Participants/subjects
people or animals being studied
Random
Without any definite pattern; following no rule
Quasi-experimental studies
Studies that fit most of the criteria for true experiments, with the important exceptoin that the participants are not assigned to groups at random. Instead, existinng groups such as classes or schools participate in experiements,.
Statistically significant
not likely to be a chance occurence
single subject experimental studies
systematic interventions to study effects with one person, often by applying and then withdrawing a treatment
Microgenetic studies
Detailed observation and analysis of changes in a cognitive process as the process unfolds over several days or weeks
Longitudinal studies
Studies that document changes that occur in subjects over time, often many years
Cross-sectional studies
Studies that focus on groups of subjects at different ages rather than following the same group for many years
Action research
Systematic observations or tests of methods that teachers or schools conduct to improve teaching and learning for their students
Principle
Established relationship between factors
Theory
Integrated statement of principles that attempts to explain a phenomena and make predictions
Hypothesis
A prediction of what will happen in a research study based on theory and previous research
Empirical
based on systematically collected data
