chapter 1 Flashcards
(34 cards)
what are the three states of matter?
solid, liquid, gas
what is a mixture?
a mixture contains two or more elements that are not chemically bonded so they retain individual properties
what are the two types of mixtures?
homogenous and heterogenous
what is the mole?
The mole is a fixed number of particles and refers to the amount, n, of substance.
how are masses of an atom compared?
compared on a scale relative to 12DC
what are the units of molar mass (M)?
g mol-1
what are the two things a reactant can be?
in excess or limiting
what is a homogenous mixture?
a homogenous mixture is where all elements have uniform composition so there is only one phase
what is a heterogenous mixture?
a heterogenous mixture is where elements do not have uniform compositions so there are seperate phases
how do you separate heterogenous mixtures?
mechanical means
give an example of a homogenous mixture?
a solution
give an example of a heterogenous mixture?
sand in a beaker of water
what is the equation for calculation the number of moles?
moles = mass / Mr
what is avogadros constant?
6.02 x 10E23
equation to calculate number of particles?
moles x avogadros constant
what is empirical formula?
formula of a compound give the simplest ratio
what is molecular formula?
actual number of atoms present in a molecule
what is yield?
the desired amount of product
equation for calculation % yield?
(actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100
what happens when a limiting reactant is used up?
the reaction stops
what is a standard solution?
one of known concentration
what are normal/standard conditions?
0 degrees Celsius, 100kPa
what assumptions are made for defining ideal gas?
- the molecules have no volume
- there are no forces between volumes
what causes gases to deviate from ideal behaviour?
high pressure and low temperature
