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Developmental Psych > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Human Development

A

The way people grow and change across a lifespan

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2
Q

Culture

A

Pattern of a group’s customs, beliefs, art and technology

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3
Q

Total Fertility Rate

A

The number of births per woman

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4
Q

Developed countries

A

Most economically developed and affluent countries

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5
Q

Developing countries

A

Ones with lower levels of income and education

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6
Q

Individualistic

A

Cultural values like independence and self-expression

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7
Q

Collectivistic

A

Cultural values like obedience and group harmony

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8
Q

Traditional culture

A

In developing countries, those refer to cultural traditions

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9
Q

Globalization

A

Increasing connections between different parts of the world

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10
Q

Majority culture

A

Culture group that sets the norms and standards for that country

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11
Q

Contexts

A

Settings that contribute to variations in ways of human development

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12
Q

Socioeconomic status (SES)

A

Social class considering education, income and occupation

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13
Q

Ethnicity

A

Group identity due to culture, race, traditions, religion and language

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14
Q

Ecological niche

A

Environmental conditions for which a species has evolved

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15
Q

Ontogenetic

A

Pattern of individual development of a species

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16
Q

Phylogenetic

A

Development of a species

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17
Q

Natural selection

A

Survival of the fittest

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18
Q

Hominin

A

Evolutionary line that led to humans

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19
Q

Homo sapiens

A

Human species

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20
Q

Hunter gatherer

A

Social and economic system based off of hunting and gathering plants

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21
Q

Upper Paleolithic period

A

50,000 to 10,000 years ago, distinct human cultures developed

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22
Q

Neolithic period

A

10,000 to 5,000 years ago, animals and plants were first domesticated

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23
Q

Civilization

A

5,000 years ago, developed cities, writing, states, job specifications

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24
Q

State

A

Centralized political system

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25
Evolutionary psychology
How patterns of human behavior have resulted from adaptations to evolutionary conditions
26
Psychosexual theory
Freud's theory that sexual desire is the driving force to human development
27
Psychosocial theory
Erikson's theory that the need to be integrated into social and cultural environments drives human development
28
Ecological theory
Bronfenbrenner's theory that five interrelated system of the social environment drive human development
29
Cultural-developmental model
Humans develop within culture, necessary to study people in diverse cultures and cultural identities are becoming more complex
30
Emerging adulthood
Life stage between adolescence and adulthood
31
Scientific method
Scientific investigation with five steps
32
Hypothesis
Question proposed for the investigation
33
Research measurement
Approach to collect data
34
Research design
When, where, and with whom you are collecting data for the study
35
Sample
Where data is being collected from the study, part of the population
36
Population
Entire category of people being represented from the sample
37
Procedure
The way the study is conducted and data is collected
38
Peer review
Having other scientists review a manuscript to judge merits and worthiness for publication
39
Theory
Set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires more research
40
Questionnaire
Written questions that participants select among answers chosen by researcher
41
Interview
Spoken questions where participants free-answer the questions
42
Qualitative
Data collected in non-numerical form
43
Quantitative
Data collected in numerical form
44
Observations
Observations and recording of other peoples behavior on video or written records
45
Biological measurements
Measures of genetic, hormonal and brain activity
46
Reliability
Consistency of measurements across various occasions
47
Validity
Research assess what is claims to measure
48
Ecological validity
Fit between the measurement approach and everyday life of the people being studied
49
Experimental design
Involves experimental group and control group
50
Independent variable
Variable that is different in experimental and control group
51
Dependent variable
Outcome that is measured by the data collected
52
Intervention
Program intended to change the attitudes or behaviors of the participants
53
Natural experiment
Exists naturally but provides scientific information
54
Ethnographic research
Spending extensive amounts of time with the people being studied
55
Case study
Detailed examination of one person or a small group of people
56
Correlational design
Data collected on variables on a single occasion
57
Correlation
Statistical relationship between two variables knowing one variable makes it possible to predict the other
58
Cross-sectional design
Data with people of different ages collected at a single point in time
59
Longitudinal design
Same person is followed over time and data is collected on two or more occasions
60
Cohort effect
Explanation of group differences among people of different ages based on the fact they grew up in different historical groups
61
Informed consent
Researchers are required to inform participants of risks and gives them the opportunity to participate or not

Developmental Psych (1 decks)

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