Chapter 1 - A View of Life

Question 1

Biology

Answer 1

The scientific study of life

Question 2

Evolution

Answer 2

is the unifying theme of biology and explains the history and diversity of life on this planet

Question 3

Nature of Science

Answer 3

the study of science involves the processes of making observations, forming hypotheses, and conducting experiments in an attempt to understand the principles of life

Question 4

Biological Systems

Answer 4

From communities of organisms to individual cells, all life is connected, from the smallest atom to the largest ecosystem

Question 5

Paramecium

Answer 5

an example of a microscopic protist; larger in size and more complex than bacteria

Question 6

The cell

Answer 6

is the basic unit of structure

Question 7

Biosphere

Answer 7

the zone of air, land, and water where organisms exist

Question 8

ecosystem

Answer 8

is a community plus its physical environment

Question 9

community

Answer 9

is a collection of interacting populations within the same environment

Question 10

Population

Answer 10

is all the members of a species within an area

Question 11

organism

Answer 11

is formed when organ systems are joined together

Question 12

organ system

Answer 12

organs work together to form

Question 13

organs

Answer 13

tissues make up

Question 14

tissues

Answer 14

similar cells combine together to form tissues

Question 15

cell

Answer 15

molecules join to form larger molecules within

Question 16

molecules

Answer 16

atoms combine to form

Question 17

atom

Answer 17

the organization of life begins

Question 18

energy

Answer 18

is required to maintain organization and conduct life-sustaining processes such as chemical reactions

Question 19

metabolism

Answer 19

is all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell

Question 20

photosynthesis

Answer 20

is a process that converts solar energy into the chemical energy of carbohydrates

Question 21

homeostasis

Answer 21

is the maintenance of internal conditions within certain boundaries

Question 22

genes

Answer 22

when organisms reproduce, they pass on copies of their genetic information to the next generation

Question 23

adaption

Answer 23

is any modification that makes an organism better able to function in a particular environment

Question 24

The theory of evolution

Answer 24

suggests how all living things descended from a common ancestor (Charles Darwin)

Question 25

Taxonomy

Answer 25

is the discipline of biology that identifies, names, and classifies organisms according to certain rules

Question 26

Systematics

Answer 26

is the study of evolutionary relationships between organisms

Question 27

Domain Archaea

Answer 27

contains unicellular prokaryotes that live in extreme environments probably similar to the primitive - lack a membrane-bound nucleus

Question 28

Domain Bacteria

Answer 28

contains unicellular prokaryotes that live in all environments including on our skin and in our mouths and intestines

Question 29

Domain Eukarya

Answer 29

contains unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes - contains a membrane-bound nucleus

Question 30

scientific method

Answer 30

is a standard series of steps used ni gaining new knowledge through research

Question 31

observation

Answer 31

scientists use their senses to gather information about phenomena or natural event

Question 32

hypothesis

Answer 32

is a tentative explanation for what was observed

Question 33

experiment

Answer 33

is a series of procedures designed to test a hypothesis

Question 34

experimental design

Answer 34

the manner in which a scientist conducts an experiment

Question 35

experimental (independent) variable

Answer 35

a good experimental design ensures that the scientist is examining the contribution of a specific factor

Question 36

test group

Answer 36

is exposed to the experimental variable

Question 37

control group

Answer 37

does through all aspects of the experiment but is not exposed to the experimental variable

Question 38

data

Answer 38

results of an experiment

Question 39

Scientific Theory

Answer 39

concepts that join together two or more well-supported and related hypotheses

Question 40

Scientific Principle/Law

Answer 40

widely accepted set of theories

Question 41

biodiversity

Answer 41

is the total number and relative abundance of species, the variability of their genes, and the ecosystems in which they live

Question 42

extinction

Answer 42

is the death of the last member of a species or larger classification category