Chapter 1 - An Introduction To Anatomy And Physiology

Question 1

Biology

Answer 1

The study of life

Question 2

Organization

Answer 2

Characteristic pattern

Question 3

Responsiveness (irritability)

Answer 3

Organisms respond to changes in their immediate environment

Question 4

Growth and differentiation

Answer 4

Cells become specialized to perform particular functions

Question 5

Reproduction

Answer 5

Organisms reproduce, creating subsequent generations of similar organisms.

Question 6

Movement (internal)

Answer 6

Transporting food, blood, or other materials inside the body.

Question 7

Movement (external)

Answer 7

Moving through the environment

Question 8

Metabolism

Answer 8

All the chemical operations under way in the body

Question 9

Nutrients

Answer 9

Materials from the environment used for growth and maintenance

Question 10

Respiration

Answer 10

Absorption, transport, and use of oxygen by cells.

Question 11

Excretion

Answer 11

The process of metabolic operations generate unneeded or potentially harmful waste products that must be removed from body fluids

Question 12

Anatomy

Answer 12

The study of internal and external structures of the body and the physical relationships among body parts.

Question 13

Physiology

Answer 13

The study of how organisms perform their vital functions

Question 14

Cytology

Answer 14

The analysis of the structure of individual cells

Question 15

Histology

Answer 15

The examination of tissues

Question 16

What makes organs?

Answer 16

Tissues combine to form organs

Question 17

Gross Anatomy

Answer 17

Examination of relatively large structures and features usually visible with the unaided eye

Question 18

Surface anatomy

Answer 18

The study of general form and superficial markings

Question 19

Regional anatomy

Answer 19

Focused on the anatomical organization of specific areas of the body, such as the head, neck, or trunk.

Question 20

Systematic anatomy

Answer 20

Study of the structure of organ systems

Question 21

Organ systems

Answer 21

Groups of organs that function together in a coordinated manner

Question 22

Developmental anatomy

Answer 22

Deals with the changes in form that occur during the period between conception and physical maturity

Question 23

Embryology

Answer 23

Study of early developmental processes

Question 24

Medical anatomy

Answer 24

Anatomical features that change during illness

Question 25

Radiographic anatomy

Answer 25

Anatomical structures as seen by using specialized imaging techniques

Question 26

Surgical anatomy

Answer 26

Anatomical landmarks important in surgery

Question 27

Scientific method

Answer 27

Logical sequence

Question 28

Human physiology

Answer 28

The study of the fictions of the human body

Question 29

Cell physiology

Answer 29

The study of the functions of cells

Question 30

Special physiology

Answer 30

The study of the physiology of specific organs

Question 31

Cardiac physiology

Answer 31

The study of the heart function

Question 32

Systematic physiology

Answer 32

Includes all aspects of the function of specific organ systems

Question 33

Pathological physiology

Answer 33

The study of the effects of disease on organ it system functions

Question 34

Chemical/Molecular level

Answer 34

Atoms, the smallest stable units of matter, can combine to form molecules with complex shapes

Question 35

Cellular level

Answer 35

Molecules interact to form organelles

Question 36

Tissue level

Answer 36

Group of cells working together to perform one or more specific functions

Question 37

Organ level

Answer 37

Two or more tissues working in combination to perform several functions

Question 38

Organ System Level

Answer 38

Organs interacting together

Question 39

Organism level

Answer 39

All organ systems of the body work together to maintain life and health

Question 40

Homeostasis

Answer 40

The existence of a stable internal environment

Question 41

Integumentary system

Answer 41

Protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature

Question 42

Skeletal System

Answer 42

Provides support; protects tissues; stores materials; forms blood

Question 43

Muscular system

Answer 43

Allows for locomotion; provides support; produces heat

Question 44

Nervous system

Answer 44

Directs immediate responses to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of other organ systems

Question 45

Endocrine system

Answer 45

Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems

Question 46

Cardiovascular system

Answer 46

Transports cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases.

Question 47

Lymphatic system

Answer 47

Defends against infection and disease; returns tissue fluid to the blood stream.

Question 48

Respiratory system

Answer 48

Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the air and circulating blood

Question 49

Digestive system

Answer 49

Processed food and absorbs nutrients

Question 50

Urinary systems

Answer 50

Eliminates excess water, salts, and waste products

Question 51

Reproductive system

Answer 51

Produces sex cells and hormones

Question 52

Homeostatic regulation

Answer 52

Adjustment of physiology system to preserve homeostasis

Question 53

Autoregulation (intrinsic regulation)

Answer 53

Occurs when the activities of a cell, tissues, organ, or organ system adjust automatically in response to some environmental change.