Chapter 1 Anatomy

Question 1

Initiates the breakdown of starch

Answer 1

Salivary amylase

Question 2

Breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids

Answer 2

Lingual lipase

Question 3

Cheeks are covered internally by what type of mucous membrane?

Answer 3

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 4

Lips contain what muscle?

Answer 4

Orbicularis oris

Question 5

Wall or septum that separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity, forming the roof of the mouth

Answer 5

Palate

Question 6

Formed by the maxillae and palatine bones and is covered by keratinized mucous membrane

Answer 6

Hard palate (anterior)

Question 7

Posterior portion of the roof of the mouth, arch-shaped muscular partition between the oropharynx and nasopharynx, lined with non-keratinized mucous membrane

Answer 7

Soft palate (posterior)

Question 8

Accessory digestion organ composed of skeletal muscle covered with mucous membrane

Answer 8

Tongue

Question 9

Side of the tongue:

Contains tastebuds and is covered with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

Answer 9

Dorsal

Question 10

Side of tongue:

Lined with non-keratinized mucous membranes.

Answer 10

Lateral and ventral

Question 11

Secrete both mucous and a watery serous fluid that contains the enzyme lingual lipase which acts on triglycerides

Answer 11

Lingual glands in the lamina propria of the tongue

Question 12

Palatine tonsils are situated between which two arches?

Answer 12

Palatoglossal and the palatopharyngeal

Question 13

At the posterior border of the soft palate, the mouth opens into the oropharynx through the:

Answer 13

Fauces

Question 14

Keratinized epithelial tissue that covers the alveolar processes, and extends slightly into each socket

Answer 14

Gingiva (gums)

Question 15

The gingiva forms a triangle of tissue called the interdental papilla, filling in the space _______ between each tooth

Answer 15

Embrasure

Question 16

Freely moveable non-keratinized mucosa that connects the freely movable tissues of the cheeks and lips to the firm tissues of the gingiva

Answer 16

Mucogingival junction/fold

Question 17

Visible region of the tooth above the level of the gums

Answer 17

Crown (coronal)

Question 18

Region of the tooth which encompasses the junction of the crown and root near the gum line.

Contains the cementum enamel junction (CEJ) where the enamel and cementum meet.

Answer 18

Neck (Cervical)

Question 19

Region of the tooth that is embedded in the socket.

Answer 19

Root (radicular)

Question 20

Different root classifications:

Answer 20

1 - Single-rooted

2 - Bifurcated

3 - Trifurcated

> 3 - Multi-rooted

Question 21

Tissue of the tooth that covers the crown.

Hardest tissue in the body.

95% calcium.

Answer 21

Enamel

Question 22

Tissue that forms the majority of the tooth.

Gives the tooth basic shape and rigidity.

Harder than bone.

70% calcium.

Answer 22

Dentin

Question 23

Connective tissue of the tooth located within the pulp cavity containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels

Answer 23

Pulp

Question 24

Each root canal has an opening at its base, the _________ through which blood vessels, lymphatic vessels offer protection, and the nerves provide sensation

Answer 24

Apical Foramen

Question 25

Tissue of the attachment apparatus which covers the dentin of the roots. Bone-like substance, which attaches the root to the periodontal ligament.

Answer 25

Cementum

Question 26

Tissue of the attachment apparatus which lines the tooth sockets and consists of dense fibrous connective tissue that anchors the teeth to the sock walls. Innervated and provide proprioception.

Answer 26

Periodontal ligaments

Question 27

Tissue of the attachment apparatus which is the thickened ridge of the bone that contains the tooth sockets (alveoli) on bones that hold teeth in the maxilla and mandible

Answer 27

Alveolar process

Question 28

Closest to the midline, chisel-shaped and adapted for cutting into food. One root.

Answer 28

Incisors

Question 29

Pointed surface called a cusp. They are used to tear and shred food. They have one root.

Answer 29

Canines (cuspids)

Question 30

Two cusps and one to two roots. Used for crushing and grinding.

Answer 30

Premolars (biscuspids)

Question 31

Four or five cusps and 2-3 roots. Used for crushing and grinding.

Answer 31

Molars

Question 32

Fused pair of facial bones that contains the upper teeth (maxillary arch), the hard palate, and the V2 branch of the trigeminal nerve.

Answer 32

Maxilla

Question 33

Lower jawbone, is the largest and strongest facial bone. Only moveable skull bone.

Answer 33

Mandible

Question 34

Each ramus has a posterior condyle that articulates with the temporal bone to form the:

Answer 34

Temporal Mandibular Joint (TMJ)

Question 35

Nerves:

Answer 35

Anterior Superior Alveolar (ASA) Middle Superior Alveolar (MSA) Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA) Infraorbital (IO) Inferior Alveolar (IA) Lingual Mental

Question 36

Salivary Glands:

Answer 36

Parotid Submandibular Sublingual

Question 37

Major salivary glands located inferior and anterior to the ears between the skin and the masseter muscle. Secretes saliva into the oral cavity via the Stenson's duct at the second maxillary molar.

Answer 37

Parotid Glands

Question 38

Major salivary glands found on the floor of the mouth. Wharton's ducts, enter laterally to the lingual frenulum.

Answer 38

Submandibular Glands

Question 39

Major salivary glands found beneath the tongue and superior to the submandibular glands. Lesser sublingual ducts, open into the floor of the mouth in the oral cavity proper.

Answer 39

Sublingual glands

Question 40

99.5% water and 0.5% solutes

Answer 40

Saliva

Question 41

Toward the tongue

Answer 41

Lingual

Question 42

Toward the cheek

Answer 42

Buccal

Question 43

Toward the face

Answer 43

Facial

Question 44

Toward the lips

Answer 44

Labial

Question 45

Toward the palate

Answer 45

Palatal

Question 46

In between

Answer 46

Interproximal

Question 47

Biting surface of molars and premolars

Answer 47

Occlusal

Question 48

Biting surface of laterals and canines

Answer 48

Incisal

Question 49

Substance that induces insensitivity to pain. Measured as a percentage.

Answer 49

Anesthetic

Question 50

Substance that induces the narrowing of the muscular walls of the blood measures

Answer 50

Vasoconstrictor

Question 51

1:100,000 Epi 8 cartridges for Healthy patients 2 cartridges for Cardiac patients Half life of 1.6h

Answer 51

2% Lidocaine/Xylocaine

Question 52

1:200,000 of Epi 10 cartridges for healthy patients 4 cartridges for cardiac patients Half-life of 3.5h

Answer 52

0.5% Bupivacaine/Marcaine

Question 53

Signs and Symptoms of anesthetic overdose

Answer 53

Slurred speech and/or disorientation Shivering Twitching, facial muscle tremors Lightheadedness/Dizziness Visual and/or auditory disturbances Drowsiness HTN (mild), hypotension (SEVERE) Warm/flushed skin Pleasant dreamlike state

Question 54

Equipment used for anesthetizing

Answer 54

10mL syringe OR dental aspirating syringe Anesthetic vial OR 1.8mL cartridge 1 or 1.5 inch, 25-30 gauze needle Topical anesthetic with cotton tip applicator (optional)

Question 55

Deposition of local anesthetic directly at or near small terminal nerve endings in the immediate area of treatment

Answer 55

Local Infiltration

Question 56

Deposition of local anesthetic near a major nerve trunk at a greater distance from the area of treatment, provides wider areas of anesthesia

Answer 56

Regional block - Alveolar(s) (ASA, MSA, PSA, IA) - Mental incisal

Question 57

For anesthesia of entire hemi-mandible For fracture repair, removal of teeth, or pain control

Answer 57

Inferior Alveolar (IA) Block

Question 58

Target site of an Inferior Alveolar Block

Answer 58

Lingula, small bony bump about halfway back on the inner ramus of the mandible

Question 59

Depth of injection of an IA block

Answer 59

2-3 cm about 1/2 or 3/4 of a long 1.5 inch needle

Question 60

IA Block: Amount deposited

Answer 60

1.5 mL over 60 seconds. Withdraw half of needle and deposit the remainder.