Chapter 1 Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is an element?
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down chemically.
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance that contains at least 2 different types of elements combined chemically.
What are mixtures?
Mixtures are many substances bonded together, mixtures are easy to separate by using: filtration or chromatography or distillation or crystallisation.
What is fractional distillation?
Fractional distillation is the process of separating Hydrocarbons by heating them up. When it goes up the tank the Hydrocarbons cool down. Hydrocarbons at each state can be used for several things.
J.J Tomphson discovered…
The electron. By the plum pudding experiment
James Chadwick discovered the….
Neutron
What did Niels Bohr think
The electrons orbited around the nucleus on an invisible line called shells.
What charge and mass do the following sub-atomic particles have?
- Electrons
- Neutrons
- Protons
Electrons: -1 and 0
Protons: +1 and 1
Neutrons: = and 1
What are Isotopes?
Isotopes are elements contain a higher quantity of neutrons tan protons and electrons. These elements will started to decay by emitting radiation.
In an atomic table what are the periods and the rows
You know that shit Oscar, no need for explanation
What are the difference of the physical properties of metals and non-metals?
Metals: Shinny, hard, high density, high melting point, high tensile strength, good conductors of heat and good electrical conductor.
Non-metals: Dull, low density, brittle, low boiling point, low tensile strength, bad conductors of heat and bad electrical conductor.
How do metals and non-metals combine with each other?
Ionic compound.
Facts about Group 0 elements.
- Reactive or not reactive. (If not reactive, why does this occur)
- Gases, metals or non-metals.
- Low or high boiling point.
- Non-reactive (they have a full outer shell, no need of anymore electrons)
- Gases.
- Low boiling points
What are group 1 metals called?
Alkali’s
What elements are more dense than water in group 1?
Lithium, Potassium, Sodium.
What gas is given off when elements from group 1 with water.
Hydrogen.
Physical properties through reaction with element from group 1 reacting with water
- Decrease of mass.
- Soft.
- Fizz
- Heats up
- Smoky.
- Cloudy.
What are group 7 called?
Halogens.
Is it more reactive going up or down the column? For halogens (Group 7)
Upwards.
What do group 7 (Halogens) elements react with?
Group 1 (Alkali).
What are transition metals and where are they found?
Transition metals are metals that have metallic properties. They are found in the middle of the periodic table, in between groups 2 and 3.
What are catalysts?
A transition metals and its compounds are often catalysts.
