Chapter 1 Destination Geography Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
24-hour clock
A
Timekeeping method that provides a different numeral for each hour of the day.
2
Q
Altitude
A
Height in the atmosphere reflecting the distance above sea level.
3
Q
Archipelago
A
A group of islands clustered together. Examples: Florida Keys and Hawaii
4
Q
Atmospheric pressure
A
The weight of the atmosphere as measured by a barometer.
5
Q
Atoll
A
A coral reef enclosing a lagoon; found mainly in the Pacific Ocean.
6
Q
Barrier islands
A
The landforms parallel to shorelines.
7
Q
Bay
A
A body of water partly surrounded by land.
8
Q
Bluff
A
A cliff or steep wall of rock or soil that borders a river or its floodplain.
9
Q
Canyon
A
A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
10
Q
Cartography
A
The science of mapmaking.
11
Q
Celsius scale
A
The scale for measuring on the metric system in which 0° is the freezing point of water and 100° is the boiling point. Also called the Centigrade scale.
12
Q
Cliff
A
A high, steep face of rock.
13
Q
Climate
A
The average of weather conditions over a period of time.
14
Q
Clouds
A
The visible masses of tiny water droplets or ice crystals.
15
Q
Coast
A
The edge of land that borders an ocean along a continent or an island; also called seacoast or shore.
16
Q
Cog rails
A
Gears that connect small trains to the rail bed, allowing the trains to climb a hill.
17
Q
Compass rose
A
A symbol on map that indicates the map’s orientation.
18
Q
Continental island
A
A piece of land surrounded by water that was once connected to a continent.
19
Q
Continental shelf
A
The area where the sea meets land at the edge of a continent.
20
Q
Coral island
A
A low island formed in warm waters by tiny sea animals called coral polyps.
21
Q
Coral reef
A
A ridge created by corals, tiny soft-bodied marine animals that have hard outer skeletons.
22
Q
Coriolis effect
A
The result of the earth’s rotation that causes a moving object or fluid to turn toward the right in the Northern Hemisphere and toward the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
23
Q
Crust
A
The rocky outermost layer of the earth.
24
Q
Culture
A
Every feature of an area’s way of life, including language, religion, dress, diet, arts, manners, recreation, and government.
25
Current
Cold or warm river of water that flows within the ocean.
26
Cyclones
A storm that rotates around a center of atmospheric pressure. Called a hurricane in North America and a typhoon in the Pacific.
27
Daylight savings time
Clocks set 1 hour or more ahead of standard time. Also called summer time.
28
Delta
A flat, low-lying plain at a river's mouth where it enters the sea, often fan-shaped.
29
Desert
Area with less than 10 inches of rainfall a year. Can be hot or cold.
30
Earthquake
Movement in the earth's crust.
31
Eastern Hemisphere
The half of the earth east of the Prime Meridian to 180° Longitude.
32
Elapsed time travel
The length of time it will take to get to a destination.
33
Elevation
The height of a physical feature above sea level on the surface of the earth.
34
Environment
The sum of conditions that surround and influence an organism.
35
Equator
Line of Latitude equal distance from North and South pole. 0°Latitude
36
Escorted tour
Structured program of prepaid transportation, lodging, sightseeing, and certain meals accompanied by a person who meets travelers at the destination and stays with them for the duration of their trip.
37
Fahrenheit scale
Temp scale used in US where freezing water is 32° and boiling at 212°.
38
Fall line
The place at the edge of a continent where the land begins to flatten out; where rivers drop from a hilly region to a flatland and form waterfalls.
39
Foodie
Traveler who enjoys the food as much as scenery or history.
40
Forest
A large area covered with trees.
41
Funicular
A counterbalanced cable rail car used on steep inclines in which one car ascends and the other descends.
42
Geographical information system (GIS)
Computers and software programs that record, retrieve, analyze, and manipulate the information gathered by satellites and used to make maps.
43
Geography
The study of the relationships between people and their environment.
44
Glacier
A mass of ice formed by compressed snow that moves slowly over land and under the force of gravity.
45
Global positioning system (GPS)
A space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information anywhere on or near the earth where there is an unobstructed line of site to four or more GPS satellites.
46
Grassland
A flat or rolling open area where grasses are the natural vegetation.
47
Great circle route
A phrase used by airline navigators to refer to the shortest distance between 2 points.
48
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
The time at the prime meridian located in Greenwich, England; also called Universal Time.
49
Gulf
A large area of ocean partly surrounded by land.
50
Gulf Stream
The warm ocean current that flows northeast along the coast of North America from the Gulf of Mexico. After passing Newfoundland, it divides and follows 3 separate routes.
51
Hard adventure
A tour with strenuous outdoor activities such as mountain climbing, paddling canoes through white water, remote locations or risk.
52
Heat index
The combination of temp and relative humidity that the National Weather Service puts together to warn individuals of possible health threats.
53
High season
The time when a destination is in most demand with prices at their highest and crowds at their largest.
54
Hills
Elevated landforms that are more rounded and less elevation than mountains.
55
Human Geography
The study of people and their patterns of settlement and activity.
56
Humboldt current
The cold current flowing north along the west coast of South America cooling the coast as far north as the equator; also called the Peru Current.
57
Humidity
Measurement of water in the air.
58
Hurricane
Storm with winds at least 74 MPH and heavy rains.
59
Independent tour
A prepaid package of travel elements: usually air, ground transportation at the destination, and lodging.
60
Interactive mapping
The process in which a geographic information system (GIS) user asks for information, and a computer guides the user towards the answers.
61
International date line
The point of 180° from Greenwich, England, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean where the next day begins.
62
Island
A naturally formed area of land, surrounded by water, above water at high tide.
63
Isthmus
A narrow strip of land that connects two larger landmasses.
64
Jungle
A thick, tangled mass of tropical vegetation.
65
Karst
A limestone landscape where water is carried by underground channels rather than on the surface by streams and rivers. The water activity creates caves and sinkholes.
66
Lagoon
A shallow body of water isolated from the sea by a strip of land such as a reef.
67
Lake
A body of water surrounded by land.
68
Landform
A natural feature of the earth's surface.
69
Latitude
A horizontal line on a map that measures the distance north or south of the equator.
70
Leeward
The side sheltered from the wind.
71
Local time
The time at any particular place.
72
Longitude
A vertical line on a map that measures the distance east or west from the prime meridian.
73
Low season
An area's time of least demand, of lower prices, and fewer crowds.
74
Marsh
A wetland; a land area where surface water covers the ground.
75
Meridians
The vertical lines that measure Longitude on the map of the earth.
76
Motel
A lodging with only one or 2 stories, ample parking, and limiting food service.
77
Mountain
A landforms higher than its surroundings, with some kind of peak or summit.
78
Mouth
The end of a river.
79
North Atlantic Drift
The extension of the Gulf Stream that helps maintain relatively mild winters in the British Isles and along the Norwegian coast.
80
Oasis
A small fertile area in the desert.
81
Ocean
The interconnected body of salt water that covers about 70 percent of the earth's surface.
82
Panhandle
A long, narrow projection of land within a state's boundary, as in Western Florida and Oklahoma.
83
Parallels
The horizontal lines that measure Latitude on the map.
84
Peninsula
A piece of land that extends from a continent and is almost surrounded by water.
85
Permafrost
The permanently frozen ground beneath the earth's surface.
86
Plains
A flat or gently rolling land that is less than 1000 feet above sea level.
87
Plateau
A area of flat land raised above it's surroundings; also called a tableland.
88
Precipitation
Any form of moisture that falls from the atmosphere to the ground.
89
Prime Meridian
0° Longitude, the starting point for measuring distance both east and west around the globe.
90
Rain forest
A lush, wet, generally warm area with a high canopy of trees and low underbrush.
91
Rain shadow
A dry area on the leeward side of a mountain.
Moses, lake
92
Rapids
Any areas of broken, fast-flowing water in a stream that us making q slight descent.
93
Reef
A ridge of rocks or sand at or near the surface of the water.
94
Rift valley
A valley formed when land sinks between two parallel faults.
95
River
A ribbon of water flowing over the land.
96
Scale
The indication of the relationship between the distances on a map and the actual distances on the earth.
97
Sea
A division of the ocean.
98
Seacoast
The edge of land that borders the ocean along a continent or an island.
99
Shield
A geologically stable region of the earth's crust that formed during its early history.
100
Shore
The contact area where waves wash over the land surface.
101
Shoulder season
The time when demand in a destination is neither high nor low.
102
Soft adventure
A tour involving mild activity but little physical challenge or danger for example: helicopter ride to top of a mountain, sitting in a canoe while guides paddle, or retiring to luxury hotels each night.
103
Source
The beginning of a river; also called headwater.
104
Strait
A narrow body of water connecting 2 larger bodies of water.
105
Suburb
A city's outlying district, especially a residential one.
106
Taiga
The coniferous forests of the subarctic climate zones.
107
Temperature
The degree of hotness or coldness measured by a thermometer with a numerical scale.
108
Tidal bore
An abrupt front of high water from the sea rushing up the mouth of a river.
109
Tides
The rhythmic rise and fall of the ocean waters that occur twice daily, caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun.
110
Topography
The shape of the surface features of a geographic area.
111
Trade winds
The constant winds that blow from northeast to southwest toward th4 equator in the Northern Hemisphere and from the southeast to the northwest toward the equator in the Souther Hemisphere.
112
Travel Geography
The application of knowledge of physical Geography and human Geography to the travel, tourism, and hospitality industry.
113
Tributary
A stream that feeds, or flows into, a larger stream.
114
Tropic of Cancer
Latitude line that is 23.5° north of equator.
115
Tropic of Capricorn
Latitude line that is 23.5° south of the equator.
116
Tsunami
A large wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcano that moves rapidly through water amd can be more than 100 feet high.
117
Tundra
A treeless area with grass, moss, and small flowering plants in its warm season. The ground beneath the soil is always frozen. There are Arctic amd alpine Tundra areas.
118
Typhoon
Hurricane of the northern Pacific Ocean.
119
Valley
A depression between hills or mountains.
120
Volcanic island
A mountainous island formed by the eruption of a volcano on the sea floor.
121
Volcano
Am opening in the earth's surface through which lava, hot games, and rock fragments erupt.
122
Waterfall
The steep decent of a river over a rocky ledge.
123
Wave
A ridge or swell on the surface of water caused by wind.
124
Weather
The state of the atmosphere over short periods of time.
125
Wellness tourism
A specific division of the global tourism industry that is defined by the common goal of marketing natural assets and/or activities primarily focused on serving the wellness traveler.
126
Westerlies
The currents of air high above the earth that blow from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere.
127
Western Hemisphere
The hard of the earth west of the prime meridian at 180° Longitude.
128
Wind
The movement of air over the earth caused by the uneven heating of the sun.
129
Windward
The side from which the wind blows.
