Chapter 1: Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards
(21 cards)
client-centered practice
emphasizes client choice and an appreciation for the client’s expertise in their life situation.
control
individuals who receive an alternate or standard intervention.
critically appraised paper
provides one resource, the clinicians can use to make sense of the evidence.
cross-sectional research
data collected at every single point in time.
evidence-based practice
questioning what we do every day as healthcare practitioners and making clinical decisions grounded in science.
incidence
the risk of developing a condition within a period of time.
internal validity
the study that indicates the intervention causes the outcome.
levels of evidence
hierarchical system to evaluate the strength of the evidence for research that addresses efficacy questions.
longitudinal research
involves collecting data over an extended period of time.
PICO
common format for efficacy questions P stands for population, I stands for intervention exposure, C stands for comparison or control condition, and O stands for outcome.
prevalence
the proportion of individuals within a population, who have a specific condition.
random assignment
an approach to a control group, that illuminates biases that could skew the findings of a study.
randomized controlled trial
a study that must have at least two groups, an experimental and control, or a comparison condition. The participants in the study must be randomly assigned to the conditions and an intervention (which serves as the manipulation) must be applied to the experimental group.
reflective practitioner
takes time to consider their experience with a client, how it turned out, and how to make things even better.
reliability
the consistency of a measure, dependability of scores agreement of scoring for different testers, and stability of scoring across different forms of measure.
scientific method
a designed well-controlled study, objectively collecting data and using sound statistical analysis to research questions.
sensitivity
the proportion of the individuals who are accurately identified as possessing the condition of interest.
shared decision-making
a collaborative process where the clinician shows information from research and clinical experience, and the client shares information about personal values experience.
specificity
the proportion of individuals who are correctly identified as not having the condition.
systematic review
identifies, appraises, and analyzes the results of multiple randomized controlled trials on a single topic using a rigorous set of guidelines.
validity
the ability of a measure to assess what it is intended to measure.
