CHAPTER 1: Fundamental Properties of Fluids

Question 1

the science that deals with the
action of forces on fluids at
rest, as well as in motion

Answer 1

Fluid mechanics

Question 2

the study of the effect of forces on fluid motion

Answer 2

fluid dynamics

Question 3

branch of science concerned with the practical applications of fluids, primarily
liquids, in motion

Answer 3

Hydraulics

Question 4

2 States of Matter

Answer 4

1. Solid
2. Fluid

Question 5

Because molecules in ____ state are spaced very closely, it possess compactness and rigidity of form.

Answer 5

solid

Question 6

2 forms of fluids

Answer 6

liquid and gas

Question 7

A liquid has a ______ and gas does not.

Answer 7

free surface

Question 8

Liquids are practically ___________-
while gases are ___________.

Answer 8

incompressible ; compressible

Question 9

The weight per unit of volume of a fluid

Answer 9

Specific/Unit weight, γ

Question 10

The volume occupied by a unit mass of fluid

Answer 10

Specific volume, 𝑉s

Question 11

The amount of resistance of a fluid
to shearing forces. It describes the
internal friction of a moving fluid

Answer 11

Viscosity, μ

Question 12

The ratio of dynamic viscosity of
the fluid, μ, to its mass density, ρ.

Answer 12

Kinematic Viscosity, ν

Question 13

cohesion and momentum transfer occur in _______

Answer 13

Liquids

Question 14

transfer of molecular momentum occur in _____

Answer 14

gases

Question 15

For liquids:
Viscosity _____ as temperature__________

Answer 15

decreases; increases.

Question 16

For Gases
Viscosity _____ as temperature__________

Answer 16

increases; increases

Question 17

A contractive tendency of
the surface of a fluid that
allows it to resist an external force.

Answer 17

Surface tension, σ

Question 18

The movement of a liquid
through a thin-bore tube

Answer 18

Capillarity

Question 19

It can be defined as the force exerted by the
vapor.

Answer 19

Vapor Pressure

Question 20

to exert the vapor pressure, the vapor should be in ___________ with its liquid or solid phase.

Answer 20

equilibrium

Question 21

to exert the vapor pressure, Vapor should be at a ____________-

Answer 21

constant temperature.

Question 22

to exert the vapor pressure, both vapor and its condensed form should exist in a _______________

Answer 22

closed system.

Question 23

A fluid that is both incompressible and
have no viscosity. Its bulk modulus is infinite. It has
no surface tension.

Answer 23

Ideal fluid

Question 24

A fluid that possesses viscosity, finite
compressibility and surface tension

Answer 24

Real fluid

Question 25

A fluid in which the shear stress is directly proportional to the shear strain or velocity gradient

Answer 25

Newtonian fluid

Question 26

A real fluid that doesn't follow the Newton’s law of viscosity.

Answer 26

Non-Newtonian fluid

Question 27

The viscosity of these fluids decreases as the stress increases

Answer 27

Pseudoplastic fluid

Question 28

A fluid which viscosity increases as stress is applied

Answer 28

Dilatant fluid

Question 29

It does not flow until a critical stress (yield stress) is exceeded and then flows at a rate proportional to the excess of stress over the yield stress

Answer 29

Bingham plastic

Question 30

There is a decrease in viscosity with time under a constant applied shear stress.

Answer 30

Thixotropic fluid

Question 31

Fluid that has an increase in their viscosity as the time of application of stress increases

Answer 31

Rheopectic fluid