Chapter 1 (History)

Question 1

French surgeon Paul Broca Studied the connection between?

Answer 1

Mind and Brain

Question 2

What was the subject of the famous experiment conducted by Herman Von Helmholtz?

Answer 2

Reaction time

Question 3

What did William James espoused during the study of the purpose mental processes serve in enabling people to adapt to their environment

Answer 3

Functionalism

Question 4

The functional approach to psychology was inspired by

Answer 4

Darwins on the origin of species by means of natural selection

Question 5

Jean-Martin Charcott studied:

Answer 5

People with psychological disorders

Question 6

Sigmund Freud developed:

Answer 6

The psychoanalytic theory

Question 7

What is the psychological theory that emphasizes positive potential of human beings?

Answer 7

The humanistic psychology

Question 8

Behaviorism involves a study of what?

Answer 8

Observable actions and responses

Question 9

What did the experiments of Ivan Pavlov and John Watson center on?

Answer 9

Stimulus and response

Question 10

Who developed the concept of reinforcement?

Answer 10

B. F. Skinner

Question 11

What is the study of mental processes such as perception and memory called?

Answer 11

Cognitive psychology

Question 12

The use of scanning techniques to observe the brain in action and to see which parts are involved in which operations helped the development of what?

Answer 12

Cognitive neuroscience

Question 13

The mind and brain serve what function central to evolutionary psychology?

Answer 13

Adaptive

Question 14

Social psychology differs most from other psychological approaches and it’s emphasis on what?

Answer 14

Human interaction

Question 15

Cultural Psychology emphasizes what?

Answer 15

That culture shapes some but not all psychological phenomenon

Question 16

Who is Mary Calkins?

Answer 16

First woman president of the APA

Question 17

Who is Kenneth Clark?

Answer 17

He did research the influence the supreme court decision to ban segregation in public schools

Question 18

Psychologists use scientific methods to study what two things?

Answer 18

The mind and behavior

Question 19

Who is the founding father of psychology?

Answer 19

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 20

William James applied Darwins theory of natural selection to the study of the mind. His functionalist approach focused on how mental processes enable people to adapt to their what?

Answer 20

Environment

Question 21

What is cognitive psychology?

Answer 21

The study of memory, reasoning and problem-solving

Question 22

What is social psychology?

Answer 22

The study of how social forces influence behavior.

Question 23

What is developmental psychology?

Answer 23

The study of behavior over time, and how people develop.

Question 24

What is psychology?

Answer 24

The scientific study of the mind and behavior.

Question 25

What is the mind?

Answer 25

Private inner experience of thoughts, memories, and feelings.

Question 26

What is behavior?

Answer 26

Observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals.

Question 27

Where does the origin of psychology come from?

Answer 27

Philosophy and physiology

Question 28

Philosopher Renè Descartè believed in what?

Answer 28

Dualism

Question 29

What is dualism?

Answer 29

Dualism is where the mind and body are separate entities that interact to produce emotions, and conscious experiences.

Question 30

What are the two original movements of psychology?

Answer 30

Structuralism and functionalism.

Question 31

What is structuralism?

Answer 31

Analyzes the mind by breaking it down to its basic components.(What is happening)

Question 32

What is functionalism?

Answer 32

Study of the purpose mental mental processes serve and help people adapt to their environment. (Why is is happening)

Question 33

Who studied psychoanalysis?

Answer 33

Freud

Question 34

Who studied humanistic behavior?

Answer 34

Maslow and Rogers

Question 35

Who studied behaviorism?

Answer 35

Watson and Skinner

Question 36

Who studied cognitive psychology?

Answer 36

Chomsky and Lashley

Question 37

Who were the first philosophers to struggle with the fundamental questions about how the mind works?

Answer 37

Plato and Aristotle

Question 38

___________ used the term tabula rasa, meaning blank slate, to describe the mind of a child, whereas __________ believed we are born with innate types of knowledge

Answer 38

Aristotle/Plato

Question 39

Plato’s views are associated with what?

Answer 39

Nativism

Question 40

Aristotle‘s views are associated with what?

Answer 40

Philosophical emperism

Question 41

What is philosophical empiricism?

Answer 41

The view that all knowledge is acquired through experience.

Question 42

What is nativism?

Answer 42

The philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn.

Question 43

What is nativism?

Answer 43

The philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn.

Question 44

What is philosophical empiricism?

Answer 44

The view that all knowledge is acquired through experience.

Question 45

Aristotle‘s views are associated with what?

Answer 45

Philosophical emperism

Question 46

Plato’s views are associated with what?

Answer 46

Nativism

Question 47

___________ used the term tabula rasa, meaning blank slate, to describe the mind of a child, whereas __________ believed we are born with innate types of knowledge

Answer 47

Aristotle/Plato

Question 48

Who were the first philosophers to struggle with the fundamental questions about how the mind works?

Answer 48

Plato and Aristotle