Chapter 1 Homeostasis

Question 1

Define: Anatomy

Answer 1

The science of body structures and the relationships of them

Question 2

Define: Physiology

Answer 2

the science of body functions

Question 3

What are the 6 levels of structural organization?

Answer 3

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ system, Organism

Question 4

branches of Anatomy & Physiology

Answer 4

embryology, developmental biology, cell biology, histology, endocrinology, immunology,
anatomy: gross, systemic, regional, surface, imaging, pathological
Physiology: cardiovascular, respiratory, neurophysiology, renal, exercise, pathophysiology

Question 5

11 Body Systems

Answer 5

Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine, lymphatic and immunity, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive

Question 6

Define: inspection

Answer 6

a noninvasive diagnostic technique to search for any deviations from normal on the visual level of the body

Question 7

Define: palpation

Answer 7

feeling the body for any abnormalities

Question 8

Define: auscultation

Answer 8

listening to the body for abnormalities

Question 9

Define: percussion

Answer 9

tapping the body surface and listening for hollow or solid sounds

Question 10

6 Basic life processes

Answer 10

Metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction

Question 11

Metabolism

Answer 11

the sum of all chemical processes in the body: catabolism–the breakdown of complex chemicals into simpler ones & anabolism–the building up of complex chemical substances

Question 12

Differentiation

Answer 12

example: stem cells

Question 13

Define: homeostasis

Answer 13

the condition of equilibrium in the body’s internal environment due to its interacting regulatory systems

Question 14

Define: intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, interstitial fluid

Answer 14

ICF–fluid within cells
ECF–fluid outside body cells, eg. blood plasma or lymph
interstitial fluid–the ECF between tissue cells

Question 15

Feedback system

Answer 15

stimulus–controlled condition–receptor–control center (BRAIN)–effector–response–effects the controlled condition

Question 16

negative feedback

Answer 16

reverses change of a controlled condition

Question 17

postive feedback

Answer 17

reinforces the change of a controlled system

Question 18

Know the anatomical position

Answer 18

palms facing, forward facing

Question 19

Anatomical regions

Answer 19

cephalic, cervical, trunk, upper limb, lower limb

Question 20

anatomical planes

Answer 20

frontal, transverse, midsagittal, parasagittal, oblique

Question 21

Major body cavaties

Answer 21

crainial, vertebral, thoracic (pleural, pericardial, mediastinum), abdominopelvic (abdominal & pelvic)

Question 22

superior vs. inferior

Answer 22

toward the head vs. away from the head

Question 23

anterior vs. posterior

Answer 23

near to the front vs. near to the back

Question 24

medial vs. lateral

Answer 24

near to the midline vs. farther from midline

Question 25

intermediate

Answer 25

between two structures

Question 26

ipsilateral vs. contralateral

Answer 26

on the same side vs. on the opposite side

Question 27

proximal vs. distal

Answer 27

near to the limb attachment vs. farther from the limb attachment

Question 28

superficial vs. deep

Answer 28

toward the surface vs. away from the surface

Question 29

regions of the abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 29

r. hypochondriac, epigastric, l. hypochondriac, r. lumbar, umbilical, l. lumbar, r. inguinal(illiac), hypogastric(pubic), l. inguinal(illiac)

Question 30

Medical Imaging Types

Answer 30

radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, ultrasound, coronary computed tomography angiography, position emission tomography, endoscopy, radionuclide