Chapter 1: Intro to Biology Concepts

Question 1

Direct Observation is…

Answer 1

The most reliable way (and productive) to study natural phenomena

Question 2

Principles of Biology: What is a living organism?

Answer 2

1. Cells are the simplest units of living organisms
2. Organisms are materials and energy (metabolism)
3. Organisms interact with our environment
4. Organisms maintain homeostasis
5. Organisms grow and reproduce using genetic material
6. Population of organisms evolve
7. All species are related by an evolutionary history
8. Form follows function (skeletal form similarities)

Question 3

The domain Eukarya…

Answer 3

compromises organisms that are described as eukaryotes

Question 4

Which domains are prokaryotes?

Answer 4

Bacteria and Archea

Question 5

Biosphere

Answer 5

All the ecosystems on the Earth interact on a global scale over millenia

Question 6

Ecosystems

Answer 6

All the living and non-living things in a place at the same time

Question 7

Community

Answer 7

Population of different species occurring at the same place and time

Question 8

Archaea

Answer 8

Ancient bacteria

Question 9

Three Domains

Answer 9

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya

Question 10

What energy supports life on Earth?

Answer 10

Sunlight

Question 11

What happens to energy from the sunlight?

Answer 11

Much of the energy that photosynthetic organisms trap from sunlight flows within and between populations

Question 12

Carbon and Nitrogen…

Answer 12

Cycle between living organisms and nonliving components of the biosphere

Question 13

Evolution is…

Answer 13

The unifying theme that links all the subfields of the biological sciences

Question 14

Organisms on the same branch…

Answer 14

Share the common ancestor that is represented at the base of their branch

Question 15

Population

Answer 15

A group of organisms of the same kind living together in the same place at the same time (populations evolve over time)

Question 16

Metabolism

Answer 16

The ability of a cell or organism to extract energy form its surroundings and use that energy to maintain itself, grow, and reproduce

Question 17

Organ

Answer 17

Many tissues with a common function

Question 18

Organism

Answer 18

One complete multicellular creature

Question 19

Cell

Answer 19

Smallest unit of life

Question 20

Organelles

Answer 20

Small components of cells

Question 21

Genes

Answer 21

Found within a genome, they are the blueprints for the life of an organism: each protein or RNA product of a gene is a molecular tool that the organism uses to stay alive, grow, and reproduce

Question 22

Tissue

Answer 22

Many cells with a common function

Question 23

Macromolecules

Answer 23

Large, organic molecules (molecules made by living organisms)

Question 24

Genome

Answer 24

Contains the genetic information that makes each organism unique

Question 25

Molecules

Answer 25

Two or more atoms combined

Question 26

The Hierarchy of Life

Answer 26

Smallest to Biggest

1. Atoms
2. Molecules
3. Organelles
4. Cells
5. Tissue
6. Organ
7. Organism
8. Population
9. Community
10. Ecosystems
11. Biosphere

Question 27

Atoms

Answer 27

Smallest functional unit of matter

Question 28

Prokaryotes

Answer 28

1. Cells that lack nucleus/nuclei
2. Bacteria
3. Part of Domain -Archaea -Bacteria
4. First living things on Earth

Question 29

Eukaryotes

Answer 29

1. Have nucleus/nuclei
2. Domain -Eukarya
3. Eukaryotes evolved from Prokaryotes

Question 30

There are 8 basic categories called taxa…

Answer 30

Smallest to Largest
1. Domain
2. Kingdom
3. Phylum
4. Class
5. Order
6. Family
7. Genus (italicized)
8 species (italicized)

Question 31

Successful scientists…

Answer 31

Question the current state of our knowledge and challenge old concepts with new ideas and new observations

Question 32

Eukarya

Answer 32

All the other life on Earth (they all have a nucleus)

Question 33

Bacteria

Answer 33

Commonly known bacteria