Chapter 1: Intro To Clinical Psych Flashcards
(40 cards)
WHAT IS CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
According to Resnick (1991), the field of clinical psychology involves research,teaching, and services relevant to the applications of principles, methods, and procedures for understanding,predicting, and alleviating intellectual, emotional,biological, psychological, social and behavioral maladjustment, disability and discomfort, applied to a wide range of client populations.
WHAT IS CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY?
According to APA, the field of Clinical Psychology integrates science, theory,and practice to understand, predict, and alleviate maladjustment, disability, and discomfort as well as to promote human adaptation, adjustment, and personal development.
Clinical Psychology focuses on the intellectual, emotional,biological, psychological, social, and behavioral aspects of human functioning across the life span, in varying cultures,and at all socioeconomic levels.
The American Psychological Association and the licensing boards of each North American state and province reserve the title “clinical psychologist” for a ___________
Very select group of professionals with specific training and qualifications.
Clinical psychologists work with a range of individuals, from __________
from infants to the elderly.
Their work can involve individuals themselves, ____________
families/ partners, school personnel, other health care workers, and communities.
Clinical psychologists often work in a large range of settings, including ______________
universities, hospitals, private practice offices, or group medical practices.
CLOSELY RELATED MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONS
- Psychiatrist
- Counseling Psychologists
- Other Mental Health Professionals [Clinical Social Workers, School Psychologists, Health Psychologists, Rehabilitation Psychologists, Psychiatric Nurses, Occupational Therapist, Recreational Therapist, and Art Therapist]
A medical physician who specializes in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illnesses, including substance use disorders.
Is qualified to assess both the mental and physical aspects of psychological disturbance.
Has completed medical school (is an M.D. or D.O.) and an additional four or more years of residency training in psychiatry.
Can order or perform a full range of medical laboratory and Psychological tests which, combined with interviews/discussions with patients, help provide a picture of a patient’s physical and mental state.
Psychiatrist
The activities of _____________ overlap with those of clinical psychologists.
Traditionally, ____________ work with normal or moderately maladjusted individuals.
Their principal method of assessment is usually the interview, but ___________ also do testing (e.g.,assessment of abilities, personality, interests, and vocational aptitude).
Counseling Psychologist
In general, counseling psychologists see themselves providing the following services:
(a) preventive treatment
(b) consultation
(c) development of outreach programs
(d) vocational counseling
(e) short-term counseling/therapy of from one to fifteen sessions.
____________ assist individuals, groups, or communities to restore or enhance their capacity for social functioning, while creating societal conditions favorable to their goals.
Clinical Social Workers
Social workers typically focus more on the _____________
familial and social determinants of mental health problems.
______________ work with students, educators,parents, and school administrators to promote the intellectual, social, and emotional growth of school-age children and adolescents.
School Psychologists
They may conduct _____________ and _____________, __________________, and _______________, and consult with teachers, parents, and school officials.
psychological and educational assessments, develop learning programs and evaluate their effectiveness
Are those who, through their research or practice, contribute to the promotion and maintenance of good health.
They are also involved in the prevention and treatment of illness.
They may design, execute, and study programs to help people stop smoking, manage stress, lose weight, or stay fit.
Health Psychologists
Focus is on people who are physically or cognitively disabled.
They help individuals adjust to their disabilities and the physical, psychological, social, and environmental barriers that often accompany them.
Thus, they advocate for the improvement of life conditions for those with disabilities and help develop and promote legislation to promote this cause (e.g., the Americans with Disabilities Act).
Rehabilitation Psychologists
Working in close collaboration with the psychiatrist or the clinical psychologist, they (along with those they supervise—attendants, nurse’s aides, volunteers, etc.) implement therapeutic recommendations.
They are not only in a position to provide information about patients’ hospital adjustment but also can play a crucial and sensitive role in fostering an appropriate therapeutic environment.
Psychiatric Nurses
By virtue of their training and experience, these people can playa vital adjunctive role in enhancing the adjustment patterns of patients.
Occupational therapists
Recreational therapists
Art therapists.
[PROFESSIONS AND TITLES NOT REGULATED BY THE GOVERNMENT]
Mental health workers must:
(1) document that they have obtained appropriate professional training
(2) pass a licensing exam indicating familiarity with current practice parameters, ethical regulations, and state laws
(3) maintain their current knowledge of the field through ongoing educational requirements (i.e., continuing professional education).
However, some titles are not regulated by the government (e.g.,“therapist,” “psychotherapist”), and virtually anyone can offer services using this title.
ACTIVITIES OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS
Therapy/Intervention, Diagnosis/Assessment, Teaching, Clinical Supervision, Research, Consultation, and Administration.
Involved mainly a search for insight into the origins of one’s problems or the purposes served by one’sundesirable behavior.
Therapy
In most cases, therapy involves a ___________, but today, _________, ___________, ____________, and ___________ are also very common.
one-to-one relationship
couple’s therapy
family therapy
parent training
group therapy
In other cases, therapy consisted primarily of a relationship between client and therapist ________________
designed to produce an atmosphere of trust that would help dissolve the client’s debilitating defenses.
Today, therapy may involve some _____________ work, but research suggests that therapies involving specific skills maybe more useful for reducing client’s problems.
insight-oriented
