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Sectional Anatomy and Imaging > Chapter 1 Intro to Sectional Anatomy > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Intro to Sectional Anatomy Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

sagittal plane

A

a vertical plane that divides the body into left and right portions

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2
Q

coronal plane

A

a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

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3
Q

axial plane

A

a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior

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4
Q

oblique plane

A

passes through the body diagonally between the axes of the two other planes

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5
Q

Superior

A

above

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6
Q

inferior

A

below

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7
Q

anterior/ventral

A

toward the front or anterior surface

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8
Q

posterior/dorsal

A

toward the back or posterior surface

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9
Q

medial

A

toward the midsagittal plane

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10
Q

lateral

A

away from the midsaggital plane

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11
Q

proximal

A

toward a reference point or source within the body

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12
Q

distal

A

away from a reference point or source within the body

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13
Q

superficial

A

near the body surface

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14
Q

deep

A

farther into the body and away from the body surface

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15
Q

cranial/cephalic

A

toward the head

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16
Q

caudal

A

toward the feet

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17
Q

rostral

A

toward the nose

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18
Q

ipsilateral

A

on the same side

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19
Q

contralateral

A

on the opposite side

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20
Q

thenar

A

the fleshy part of the hand at the base of the thumb

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21
Q

volar

A

palm of the hand or flexor surface of wrist or sole of the foot

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22
Q

palmar

A

the front or palm of the hand

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23
Q

plantar

A

the sole of the feet

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24
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

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25
antecubital
front of elbow
26
axillary
armpit
27
brachial
upper arm
28
calf
lower posterior of leg
29
cubital
posterior surface of elbow area of the arm
30
flank
side of trunk adjoining the lumbar region
31
lumbar
lower back between the ribs and hips
32
occipital
back of the head
33
plantar
sole
34
popliteal
back of the knee
35
aortic arch
2.5 cm below jugular notch
36
aortic bifurcation
L4-L5
37
carina
T4-T5; the sternal angle
38
carotid bifurcation
upper border of thyroid cartilage
39
celiac trunk
4 cm above transpyloric plane
40
circle of Willis
supraseller cistern
41
common iliac vein bifurcation
the upper margin of sacroiliac joint
42
conus medullaris
located T12-L1 and L2
43
apex (heart)
5th intercostal space on the left midclavicular line
44
base (heart)
level of 2nd and 3rd costal cartilages behind sternum
45
inferior mesenteric artery
4 cm above bifurcation of abdominal aorta
46
inferior vena cava
L5
47
portal vein
posterior to pancreatic neck
48
renal arteries
anterior to L1 and inferior to the superior mesenteric artery
49
superior mesenteric artery
2cm above transpyloric plane
50
thyroid gland
thyroid cartilage
51
vocal cords
midway between superior and inferior border of thyroid cartilage
52
CT number (Hounsfield Unit)
represents the attenuating properties or density of the tissue
53
CT number of water
0
54
tissue is denser than water and appears in lighter shades of gray to white
CT number greater than one
55
tissue appears in darker shades of gray to black
negative CT number
56
windowing
altering images to include more or fewer shades of gray by adjusting the gray scale
57
window width
allows adjustment of the gray scale (number of shades of gray)
58
window level
sets the density of the image
59
mulitplanar reformation
images reconstructed from data obtained along any projection through the cube resulting in a sagittal, coronal, axial, or oblique images
60
curved plantar reformation
images reconstructed from data obtained along an arbitrary curved projection through the cube
61
shaded surface display
uses a ray to stop at a particular user defined threshold value; every voxel with a value greater than the selected threshold is rendered opaque, creating a surface
62
maximum intensity projection
a ray is directed to stop as voxels with the max signal intensity; only the brightest voxels will be mapped into the final image
63
volume rendering
the contributions of each voxels are summed along the course of the ray from the camera's viewpoint; the process repeats numerous times to determine the pixel value that will be displayed in the final image

Sectional Anatomy and Imaging (3 decks)

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