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CE 154: Principles Of Steel Design > Chapter 1: Introduction > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

It is a property of steel that is of great importance for long-span bridge, tall building, and structures situated on poor foundations.

A

High Strength

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2
Q

A property of steel where in it does not change appreciably with time.

A

Uniformity

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3
Q

A property of steel which shows its closeness to design assumptions than most materials because it follows Hooke’s Law up to fairly high stresses.

A

Elasticity

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4
Q

Steel frames that are properly maintained will last indefinitely.

A

Permanence

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5
Q

A property of steel by which it can withstand extensive deformation without failure under high tensile stresses.

A

Ductility

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6
Q

This is the ability of steel to absorb energy in large amounts.

A

Toughness

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7
Q

Other advantages of steel includes addition to existing structures.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

Steels can be fastened together through what?

A

Bolts, rivets, welds and nails

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9
Q

Steel aren’t useful once it is disassembled.

A

FALSE

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10
Q

Steel can’t be rolled into variety of sizes and shapes.

A

FALSE

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11
Q

Steel’s advantage is it can be easily erected and it can adapt prefabrication.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Steels are susceptible to corrosion when freely exposed to _______ and _______.

A

Air and water

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13
Q

What must be done to steel when it is exposed to air and water?

A

Must be painted periodically.

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14
Q

What do you call the anti-corrosion component used in steels?

A

Copper

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15
Q

Structural members are incombustible, their strength is tremendously reduced at high temperatures.

A

Fireproofing Costs

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16
Q

As the length and slenderness of a compression member is increased, its danger to ______ also increases.

A

Buckling

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17
Q

This is a disadvantage of steel where in it occurs when the steel is subjected to a large number of stress reversals or even to a large number of variations of tensile stress.

A

Fatigue

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18
Q

This problem is led by fatigue; type loading, very low temperatures, and tri-axial stress conditions.

A

Brittle Fracture

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19
Q

This is a test performed to illustrate the property of steel through a stress-strain diagram.

A

Tensile Test

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20
Q

This is the relationship between stress and strain.

A

Proportional Limit

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21
Q

It is the stress that lies betwen the proportional limit and the upper yield point.

A

Elastic Limit

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22
Q

The linear portion of the stress-strain diagram, the specimen can be unloaded without permanent deformation.

A

Elastic Range

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23
Q

The stress remains constant, even though the strain continues to increase.

A

Plastic Range

24
Q

Additional load (and stress) is required to cause additional elongation (and strain).

A

Strain Hardening

25
Q

When the specimen begins to neck down as the stress decreases with increasing strain followed by fracture.

A

Necking and Failure

26
Q

The yield point or yield strength is the combination of what several points on the stress-strain diagram?

A

Elastic Limit
Proportional Limit
Upper and lower yield point

27
Q

It is the maxium value of stress that can be attained in a stress-strain diagram.

A

Ultimate Tensile Strength

28
Q

This is the ratio of stress to strain within the elastic range.

A

Modulus of Elasticity

29
Q

These are types of structural steels made up of mostly iron and carbon, with less than 1% carbon.

A

Plain Carbon Steels

30
Q

These are types of structural steels made up of iron and carbon plus other components (usually less than 5%) primarily for increasing strength, which is accomplished at the expense of a reduction in ductility

A

Low Alloy Steels

31
Q

These are types of structural steels made up of iron and carbon plus other components (usually greater than 5%). They have high strength and have some special quality such as resistance to corrosion.

A

High Alloy or Specialty Steels

32
Q

The manufacturing process of these types of structural shapes takes place in mill, molten steel is taken from an electric arc furnace and poured into a continuous casting system where the steel solidifies but is never allowed to cool completely, and then passes through a series of rollers that squeeze the material into the desired cross-sectional shape.

A

Hot Rolled Shapes

33
Q

A steel shape where it has two parallel flanges separated by a single web and has two axes of symmetry.

A

W-shaped (wide-flanged shape)

34
Q

A shape formerly called an I-Beam. Similar to W shape but flanges has sloping inside face

A

American Standard (S-Shape)

35
Q

This shape is available either equal or unequal leg and do not provide the weight per foot.

A

Angle Shapes (L-Shape)

36
Q

2 flanges and a web with 1 AOS, inside faces of flanges are sloping.

A

American Standard Channel ( C-Shape)

37
Q

This is referred to as Split-Tee. Abbreviated as WT,ST or MT depending on which shape is the parent.

A

Structural Tee

38
Q

HP shape is used for

A

Bearing piles

39
Q

This can be of circular, square or rectagular shape.

Rectangular= width is less than 8 inches

A

Bars

40
Q

Rectangular = width is greater than 8 inches.
Abbreviation is PL

A

Plate

41
Q

What is HSS?

A

Hollow Structural Sections

42
Q

This shapes are produced either by bending pate material into the desired shape or welding the seam or by hot-working to produce a seamless shape In addition this is also categorized as “Steel pipes, round HSS, square and rectangular HSS”.

A

Hollow Shapes

43
Q

Formula for stress

A

f=P/A ;

44
Q

Formula for strain

A

E= delta L/L

45
Q

these types of shapes are made by bending thin sheets of carbon or low-alloy steels into almost any desired cross section. There is a reduction in ductility but there is a significant increase in strength.

A

Cold Formed Shapes

46
Q

What serves as economical forms for the wet concrete and are left in place after the concrete hardens.

A

Concrete floor slabs cast on formed steel decks

47
Q

Types of CFS

A

Channel
Stiffened Channel
Zee
Stiffened Zee
Hat
Sigma
Angle

48
Q

These shapes are made when there is a special condition such as the need for heavier members of particular cross sectional geometries.

A

Built-Up Sections

49
Q

Types of BUS which are welded or bolted

A

Welded Plate Girder
Cover Plated W-shape
W-shape with shelf angle

50
Q

deflections and vibrations are not so great as to frighten the occupants or to cause unsightly cracks.

A

Safety

51
Q

keep in mind factors that lower costs can without sacrifice of strength

A

Cost

52
Q

Can be fabricated and erected without great problems arising

A

Constructability

53
Q

3 regions of a stress strain diagram for low-carbon structural steel

A

Elastic Strain Region, Plastic Strain Region, Strain Hardening Region

54
Q

This is the largest stress for which Hooke’s Law applies, or the highest point on the linear portion of the stress strain diagram.

A

Proportional Limit

55
Q

The largest stress that a material can withstand without being permanently deformed.

A

Elastic Limit

56
Q

The stress where in there is a significant increase in the elongation, or strain, without corresponding increase in stress.

A

Yield Stress

57
Q

What is ASTM?

A

American Society for Testing and Materials

CE 154: Principles Of Steel Design (2 decks)

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