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Chapter 1: introduction to Cognitive Psychology Flashcards

(6 cards)

1
Q

Define Cognitive Psychology

A

Study of cognitive processes involved in the acquisition, representation and application of human knowledge

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2
Q

Describe Donder’s reaction time (RT) experiment.

How are simple versus choice RT tasks different?

What does the subtraction method reveal in this context?

A
  • A behavioral measure of how long it takes an individual to respond to a stimulus
  • Technique: Mental Chronometry, know how long it takes to make a decision

-Difference: Choice RT task have to make a decision , choose left or right button to press

-Subtraction method: Choice (1/10 longer) - Simple = Time taken to make a decision
-Mental responses cannot be measured directly but can be inferred from the participant’s behavior

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3
Q

Describe the Tolman and colleagues’ (1930; 1938) maze studies. What is a cognitive map and how does it serve as counter-evidence to Behaviorist perspectives?

A

Cognitive map: mental representation, or picture, of the environment

Counter evidence to Behaviourist perspectives:
-develop naturally through experience with the world (even with no overt response or reinforcement)

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4
Q

What was the significance of Ebbinghaus’s study on memory and forgetting?

A

-Quantitative and less introspective
-Used controlled scientific methodology rather than introspection
-tested on himself (change syllabus pronunciation)

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5
Q

What was the “Cognitive Revolution”? How did the advent of computers fit into this movement?

A

Information-processing approach
-A way to study the mind created from insights associated with the digital computer

Process model
-illustrates what happens in a person’s mind when attention to a stimulus in the environment
(model not important but illustration/framework used to simplify)

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6
Q

Differentiate between Process versus Structural models

A

Process models: Represent the processes that are involved in cognitive mechanisms, with boxes usually representing specific processes and arrows indicating connections between processes (Broadbent’s Model of Attention)

Structural Models: Representation of a physical structure of the brain (mimic form or appearance of given object)

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