chapter 1: language of a&p

Question 1

anatomy

Answer 1

the structure

Question 2

physiology

Answer 2

the function

Question 3

levels of organization

Answer 3

atoms-molecules-macromolecules-organelles-cells-tissue-organ level-organ system-organism

Question 4

metabolism

Answer 4

the sum all of chemical processes in the body

Question 5

catabolism

Answer 5

breaking down molecules

Question 6

anabolism

Answer 6

building larger molecules

Question 7

responsiveness

Answer 7

ability to detect & respond to change

Question 8

movement

Answer 8

motion of the body

Question 9

growth

Answer 9

increase the body size

Question 10

differentiation

Answer 10

development of a cell from unspecialized to specialized

Question 11

reproduction

Answer 11

replacement of new cells, or production of new individual

Question 12

radiological anatomy

Answer 12

• radiography (x-ray)
• sonography (ultrasound)
• computed tomography (CT)
• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 13

integumentary system

Answer 13

external body covering
- hair, nails, skin

Question 14

skeletal system

Answer 14

• framework for muscles
• protects & supports organs
• blood cells formed here

Question 15

reproductive system

Answer 15

• generate offspring
• produce sex hormones

Question 16

muscular system

Answer 16

• movement, posture, facial expression
• produces heat
• slow acting

Question 17

nervous system

Answer 17

• fast acting control system
• responds to stimuli to maintain homeostasis

Question 18

endocrine system

Answer 18

• slow acting control system
• responds to stimuli to maintain homeostasis
• secrets hormones

Question 19

cardiovascular system

Answer 19

• heart pumps blood
• blood vessels transport blood
  - carries oxygen, CO2, nutrients, and wastes

Question 20

lymphatic system

Answer 20

-filters tissue and blood of debris
- houses immune cells that attack foreign substances

Question 21

respiratory system

Answer 21

supplies us with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

Question 22

digestive system

Answer 22

breaks down and absorbs nutrients

Question 23

urinary system

Answer 23

• eliminate waste from blood
• regular blood content
  - water, ions, acids, bases

Question 24

regional anatomy
- regions

Answer 24

location within the body

Question 25

regional anatomy - axial

Answer 25

head, neck, and trunk (thorax and abdomen)

Question 26

regional anatomy - appendicular

Answer 26

upper and lower limbs

Question 27

head

Answer 27

cephalic

Question 28

neck

Answer 28

cervical

Question 29

armpit

Answer 29

axillary

Question 30

arm

Answer 30

brachial

Question 31

front of elbow

Answer 31

antecubital

Question 32

forearm

Answer 32

antebrachial

Question 33

wrist

Answer 33

wrist

Question 34

palm

Answer 34

palmar

Question 35

thigh

Answer 35

femoral

Question 36

leg

Answer 36

crural

Question 37

ankle

Answer 37

tarsal

Question 38

foot

Answer 38

pedal

Question 39

chest

Answer 39

thoracic

Question 40

abdomen

Answer 40

abdominal

Question 41

pelvis

Answer 41

pelvic

Question 42

forehead

Answer 42

frontal

Question 43

eye

Answer 43

orbital

Question 44

ear

Answer 44

otic

Question 45

cheek

Answer 45

buccal

Question 46

nose

Answer 46

nasal

Question 47

mouth

Answer 47

oral

Question 48

chin

Answer 48

mental

Question 49

breast

Answer 49

mammary

Question 50

naval

Answer 50

umbilical

Question 51

hip

Answer 51

coxal

Question 52

groin

Answer 52

inguinal

Question 53

shoulder

Answer 53

acromial

Question 54

shoulder blade

Answer 54

scapular

Question 55

spinal column

Answer 55

vertebral

Question 56

between hips

Answer 56

sacral

Question 57

buttock

Answer 57

gluteal

Question 58

hollow behind knee

Answer 58

popliteal

Question 59

calf

Answer 59

sural

Question 60

back

Answer 60

dorsal

Question 61

heel

Answer 61

calcaneal

Question 62

internal body cavities - posterior aspect (dorsal body cavity)

Answer 62

back of the body, a continuous cavity that houses the CNS

Question 63

internal body cavity - cranial activity

Answer 63

- two major (closed) body cavities - houses the brain

Question 64

internal body cavity - vertebral cavity / canal

Answer 64

- two major (closed) body cavities - encloses the spinal cord

Question 65

body cavities - ventral body cavity

Answer 65

front of the body, houses the viscera and physically subdivided by diaphragm

Question 66

body cavities - thoracic cavity

Answer 66

houses the lungs and heart

Question 67

body cavities - abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 67

can further be divided but has no physical membrane

Question 68

body cavities - abdominal cavity

Answer 68

houses the digestive organs

Question 69

body cavities - pelvic cavity

Answer 69

houses reproductive organs

Question 70

parietal

Answer 70

outer layer of serous membrane

Question 71

visceral

Answer 71

covers the external surface of organs

Question 72

serous fluid

Answer 72

reduces friction

Question 73

pericardium

Answer 73

heart

Question 74

pleural

Answer 74

lungs

Question 75

peritoneum

Answer 75

abdominopelvic organs

Question 76

mesothelioma

Answer 76

cancer derived from the cells that make up the pleura

Question 77

negative feedback

Answer 77

- controls most body processes - effector opposes stimules - reverses direction of change

Question 78

positive feedback

Answer 78

- less common - effector reinforces stimulus - amplifies direction of change