Chapter 1/Lesson 4 Sedimentary Rocks, Metamorphic & Rock Cycle Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is a Chemical Rock?
A sedimentary rock formed when minerals in water a liquid crystalize
What is a Clastic Rock?
A sedimentary rocks formed from compressed rock fragments. Fragments range in size from very small (clay particles) to very large (boulders).
What is a Organic Rock?
A sedimentary rock formed from the remains of plants and animals.
Example of a Organic Rock
Coal and Limestone
Common uses of sedimentary rocks
Sandstone and Limestone are used in buildings. And chert was used for spear heads and tools.
Industrial Uses of Limestone
Used to make cement an steel.
How do metamorphic rocks form?
Form out of Igneous, Sedimentary or other Metamorphic Rocks.
Where are metamorphic rocks found?
Often found new mountains, due to the heat trapped in pockets of magma. Magma rises through the crust.
What is the relationship between depth and pressure?
The deep a rock is in the earth, the higher the pressure on the rock.
What are foliated rocks?
Thin flat laying found in most metamorphic rocks. Layers are formed by the alignment of grains due to pressure and heat at depth.
Example of a foliated rock?
A Gneiss, Slate, Shale.
Example of a non-foliated rock?
Granite - The grains are not aligned, and randomly distributed.
How are metamorphic rocks used?
Marble and Slate are used for buildings and sculptures. The tower of Pisa is made from marble.
Processes of rock cycle
Weathering, Erosion, Mountain Building, Sedimentation and Plate Tectonics.
What is the main ingredient in Quartz?
Silica.
Example of Rock Cycle
Granite, Quartz, Sandstone to Quartzite.
What is Plate Tectonics?
Movement of plates at the surface of the earth that drive the rock cycle.
Where are convection currents found?
In the earth’s Lithosphere
What is a common source of Igneous Rocks?
New rock formed a the edge of two spreading places where magna approaches the surface of the earth.
How does late tectonics respond at plate intersections?
Continental rocks in subduction zones can lead to melting and volcanos at the boundary between places.
How does plate tectonics lead to sedimentary rocks?
Continental plates can push up mountain ranges and the weathering and erosion can create new sedimentary rocks.
How does plate tectonics lead to metamorphic rocks?
The subduction of continental plates, one under another, can lead heat and pressure creating new metamorphic rocks.
What is the conservation of material in the rock cycle?
No material is lost or gains, only changed and altered by the processes of the rock cycle.
Common Clastic Rocks
Shale, Sandstone and Conglomerate, Breccia
