Chapter 1: Major Learning Objectives Flashcards
Define: Anatomy
Anatomy is the study structures.
List the structural organization of the human body: FROM SMALLEST TO LARGEST!
- Atom
- Molecules
- Cells
- Tissue
- Organs
- Organ system
- Organismal level
Define: Atoms & give an example
An atom is the simpliest and smallest part of the body.
An example would be: protons, electrons, and neutrons
Define: Molecules & give an example
A molecule is two or atoms bonded together.
An example of this would be: Proteins, water, and or DNA
Define: Cell & give an example
A cell are made from molecules; smallest structural and functional part of the human body.
An example of this would be: Bone & fat cells
Define: Tissue & give an example
Tissue is similar in anatomy and functional….
An example of this would be: Nervous, epithelial, muscle, and connective tissue
Define: Organ & give an example
Two or more organs to perform a specific task.
An example of this would be: Digestive system
Define: Organ system & give an example
Related to organs to that coordinate function to achieve sequence.
ex. large and small intestines
Define: Organismal level & give an example
It is all systems working together to maintain organism; highest level.
An example of this would be: Cystic fibrosis
List the seven living organisms
- Organization
- Metabolism
- Growth & development
- Responsiveness
- Adaptation
- Regulation
- Reproduction
Define: Organization & give an example
Is organized from simpliest to complexed atoms.
An example of this would be:
Define: Metabolism & give an example
Are chemical reactions.
Examples of this would be: Food converts to energy and muscle contractions
Define: Growth/ Development & give an example
Materials from the enviroment.
Example of this is: Increases in size and specialization
Define: Responsiveness & give an example
A sense to respond to internal and external stimuli.
An example of this would be: Sweating
Define: Adaptation & give an example
An alternation in anatomic structure, physiology, or behavior to increase reproductive success.
An example of this is: Tanning or walking upwards
Define: Regulation & give an example
To be balanced in the body; homeostasis.
Examples of this would be: Blood pressure, temperature, and or oxygen levels
Define: Reproduction & give an example
New cells generate for maintenance; growth; repair; reproduction.
Example of this would be: Mitosis (produces new body cell reproduction
Why do use anatomical positon?
We use the anatomical positon to provide a clear and consistent way of human anatomy.
How would I describe the anatomical position?
- Standing upright
- Feet are parallel and on the floor
- Head level and facing forward
- Arms at side of body
- Palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from the body
Define: The axial region of the body
The axial region is the head, neck, and truck of the body.
Define: The appendicular region of the body
The appendicular region of the body is the upper and lower limbs.
What is the serious membrane?
Membrane that forms between space and or cavity.
Bonds and reduces friction.
Define: Serious Fluid
A fluid that flows between space and or surrounds the organs.
Define: Partetal Layer
Lines cavity; has serious fluid that flows through or in between the layer.
