Chapter 1 - Materials in our world

Question 1

Alloy

Answer 1

An alloy is a mixture of a metal with other metals or a small amount of non-metals

Question 2

Carbon Nanotube

Answer 2

A carbon nanotube is a tube made of carbon within the nanometre range

Question 3

Centrifugation

Answer 3

Spinning a mixture rapidly can speed up the sedimentation process and extract finer particles that may not settle out naturally.

Question 4

Ceramic

Answer 4

A ceramic is an inorganic, non-metallic solid.

Question 5

Colloid

Answer 5

A colloid is a mixture where one insoluble substance is dispersed through another.

Question 6

Composite Material

Answer 6

A composite material is a combination of two or more distinct materials with significantly different physical and chemical properties.

Question 7

Compound

Answer 7

Compounds are pure substances made of more than one type of atom. They consist of more than one element in fixed proportions.

Question 8

Decantation

Answer 8

The process of pouring liquid from the sediment

Question 9

Density

Answer 9

Density is a measure of the mass per unit of volume of a substance.

Question 10

Distillation

Answer 10

Distillation uses the same principle as evaporation but is performed in an apparatus in such a way that the evaporated liquid can be recovered.

Question 11

Element

Answer 11

Elements are substances that are made up of just one type of atom.

Question 12

Filtrate

Answer 12

The purified liquid that collects in the flask is known as the filtrate.

Question 12

Filtration

Answer 12

Filtration is used to separate solid particles from a liquid or gas.

Question 13

Fractional Distillation

Answer 13

The distillation method can also be used to separate miscible (can mix) liquids that have boiling points that are only slightly different from each other.

Question 14

Fullerene

Answer 14

Fullerenes are three-dimensional structures formed by networks of carbon atoms.

Question 15

Graphene

Answer 15

A flat, two-dimensional layer of carbon atoms arranged in hexagons

Question 16

Material

Answer 16

The term material usually describes substances that are used to make objects.

Question 17

Mineral

Answer 17

Most metals are found as compounds, known as minerals, which make up the ores mined from the Earth’s crust.

Question 18

Nanomaterial

Answer 18

Nanomaterials are materials with nanoscale features that give the material useful and important properties.

Question 19

Nanometre

Answer 19

A nanometre (nm) is a billionth of a metre

Question 20

Nanoparticle

Answer 20

Nanoparticles are particles with diameters of about 1-100 nm.

Question 21

Nanoscale

Answer 21

The so-called nanoscale deals with dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers.

Question 22

Nanotechnology

Answer 22

Nanotechnology is the study of materials on the nanoscale.

Question 23

Ore

Answer 23

Ore is natural rock or sediment that contains one or more valuable minerals.

Question 24

Polymer

Answer 24

A material with a molecular structure that is composed of many repeating smaller units bonded together.

Question 25

Residue

Answer 25

The solid collected in the filter paper is known as the residue.

Question 26

Sediment

Answer 26

Matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid

Question 26

Sedimentation

Answer 26

The process of settling or being deposited as a sediment.

Question 27

Separation Funnel

Answer 27

Separation funnels are used in a process known as liquid-liquid extraction.

Question 28

Sieving

Answer 28

Sieving is used to separate a mixture of solids with different particle sizes.

Question 29

Suspension

Answer 29

A heterogeneous mixture of a fluid that contains solid particles sufficiently large for sedimentation.