Chapter 1: Matter and Energy

Question 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

A measure of the quantity of matter

Answer 2

Mass

Question 3

Type of matter that always has the same chemical composition, no matter what its origin

Answer 3

Pure Substance

Question 4

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

Answer 4

Element

Question 5

A substance composed of two or more elements combined in definite proportions

Answer 5

Compound

Question 6

Describes the composition of a compound, using symbols for the elements that make up said compound

Answer 6

Chemical Formula

Question 7

Consists of two or more pure substances and may vary in composition

Answer 7

Mixture

Question 8

A mixture that is uniform throughout its composition; also called a solution

Answer 8

Homogeneous

Question 9

A mixture that is not uniform throughout its composition

Answer 9

Heterogeneous

Question 10

The smallest unit of an element that has the chemical properties of that element

Answer 10

Atom

Question 11

A combination of elemental units; made up of two or more atoms bound together

Answer 11

Molecule

Question 12

A property that can be measured or observed without changing the composition of the substance (examples: mass, volume, density)

Answer 12

Physical Property

Question 13

A property that can only be seen when the substance is undergoing chemical changes (examples: acidity, redox, reactions)

Answer 13

Chemical Property

Question 14

A process that changes physical properties without changing the chemical composition

Answer 14

Physical Change

Question 15

A process in which one or more substances changes into one or more NEW substances

Answer 15

Chemical Change

Question 16

A property that describes a specific sample or amount (examples: volume, mass, size, weight)

Answer 16

Extensive Property

Question 17

A property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter (boiling point, probability, temperature, hardness)

Answer 17

Intensive Property

Question 18

The capacity to do work

Answer 18

Energy

Question 19

An approach to asking questions and seeking answers that employs a variety of tools, techniques, and strategies

Answer 19

The Scientific Method

Question 20

The taking of one or more measurements, often during an experiment, in order to test a hypothesis

Answer 20

Observation

Question 21

Setting up a situation during which you can make observations in a careful and repeatable environment

Answer 21

Experiment

Question 22

A guess about the connections between observations; only describes HOW nature works, not WHY

Answer 22

Hypothesis

Question 23

A summary of the connections between observations seen during experiments, often written as an equation

Answer 23

Law

Question 24

A collection of hypotheses about many related phenomena, all relying on the same set of underlying ideas

Answer 24

Theory

Question 25

The mass of products obtained from a chemical reaction equals the mass of the substances that react

Answer 25

Law of Conservation of Mass

Question 26

Prefix: mega- Symbol: M

Answer 26

10^6

Question 27

Prefix: kilo- Symbol: k

Answer 27

10^3

Question 28

Prefix: deci- Symbol: d

Answer 28

10^-1

Question 29

Prefix: centi- Symbol: c

Answer 29

10^-2

Question 30

Prefix: milli- Symbol: m

Answer 30

10^-3

Question 31

Prefix: micro- Symbol: μ

Answer 31

10^-6

Question 32

Prefix: nano- Symbol: n

Answer 32

10^-9

Question 33

SI unit used to describe length, width, height, depth, and/or thickness

Answer 33

Meter (m)

Question 34

SI unit used to describe mass

Answer 34

Gram (g)

Question 35

SI unit used to describe time or duration

Answer 35

Second (s)

Question 36

SI used to describe volume

Answer 36

Liter (L)