Chapter 1: Nature and Inquiry

Question 1

Scientific investigation of phenomena which includes collection, presentation, analysis, and presentation of facts that lines an individual’s speculation with reality.

Answer 1

Research

Question 2

6 importance and purposes of research

Answer 2

1. To solve a problem
2. To make a sound decision
3. To obtain academic degrees
4. To unveil the truth
5. To acquaint with the facts/happenings
6. To find out causal or underlying relationships

Question 3

7 characteristics of research

Answer 3

1. Empirical
2. Logical
3. Cyclical
4. Analytical
5. Critical
6. Methodological
7. Replicability

Question 4

• Research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher.
• Documentaries, social research

Answer 4

Empirical

Question 5

Research is based on valid procedures and principles.

Answer 5

Logical

Question 6

Research starts with a problem and ends with a problem.

Answer 6

Cyclical

Question 7

Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering data, whether historical, descriptive, experimental, or any alternative methods (case study).

Answer 7

Analytical

Question 8

Research exhibits careful and precise judgment.

Answer 8

Critical

Question 9

Research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias using scientific method and procedure.

Answer 9

Methodical

Question 10

The research design and procedures are replicated to enable researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results.

Answer 10

Replicability

Question 11

True or False: The more replicated the researches are, the more valid and conclusive the results would be.

Answer 11

True sis

Question 12

Types of research

Answer 12

Basic
Applied
Developmental

Question 13

-AKA fundamental research or pure research
- Seeks to discover basic truths or principles

Answer 13

Basic research

Question 14

Involves seeking new applications of scientific knowledge to the solution such as development of new system or procedure, new device or new method in order to solve a problem.

Answer 14

Applied research

Question 15

Decision oriented research involving the application of the steps of the scientific method in response to an immediate need to improve existing practices.

Answer 15

Developmental research

Question 16

Classifications of research

Answer 16

1. Library research
2. Laboratory research
3. Field research

Question 17

This is done in the library where answers to specific questions or problems of the study are available.

Answer 17

Library research

Question 18

The research is conducted in artificial or controlled condition by isolating the study in a thoroughly specified area.

Answer 18

Laboratory research

Question 19

Research is conducted in a natural setting.

Answer 19

Field research

Question 20

8 research process

Answer 20

1. Identify the problem/question
2. Review the literature
3. Clarify the problem specifically identify the purpose of the study
4. Clearly define the terms and concepts
5. Define a population
6. Develop the instrumental plan
7. Collect data
8. Analyze the data

Question 21

• Society is inherently conservative and seeks to set the limits of research activity.

Answer 21

Ethics of Research

Question 22

• Ethical considerations are to the fore with the development of new technologies and new social systems.

Answer 22

Ethics of research

Question 23

What are the four ethical issues ?

Answer 23

1. Justification for the research
2. Access to participants or privacy
3. Informed consent
4. Potential harm

Question 24

The process of obtaining consent

Answer 24

1. Identify participants population
2. Produce information sheet and consent document
3. Obtain permission from the schools ethics committee
4. Present research information to participant and discuss its contents indicating that withdrawal at any time is possible
5. Answer participants questions
6. Give a copy of the consent document
7. Allow the participant time to consider
8. Meet the participant and discuss documents to answer any more questions and assessed participants understanding
9. Obtain appropriate signed consent
10. Start research

Question 25

Quantitative: Relationship between researcher and subject

Answer 25

Distant

Question 26

Quantitative: relationship between theory or concepts and research

Answer 26

Confirmation

Question 27

Quantitative: Research strategy

Answer 27

Structured

Question 28

Quantitative: Image of social reality

Answer 28

Static and external to actor

Question 29

Quantitative: Nature of data

Answer 29

Hard , reliable

Question 30

Qualitative: Relationship between researcher and subject

Answer 30

Close

Question 31

Qualitative: Relationship between theory or concepts and research

Answer 31

Emergent

Question 32

Qualitative: Research strategy

Answer 32

Unstructured

Question 33

Qualitative: Image of social reality

Answer 33

Processual and socially constructed by actor

Question 34

Qualitative: Nature of data

Answer 34

Rich , deep

Question 35

_______ relate to numbers. Data must be measurable and presented in terms of statistical patterns or associations. Commonly positivist

Answer 35

Quantitative methods

Question 36

_____ non quantifiable focus on values processes experiences language and meaning. Data is often words or text commonly non-positivist

Answer 36

Qualitative methods

Question 37

Qualitative methods could come up with _____

Answer 37

Theory building

Question 38

Qualitative methods are based on premise of building theory from _____

Answer 38

Grounded experience or inductive logic

Question 39

Types of qualitative interviews (6)

Answer 39

In-depth, structured, semi-structured, structured, life history, focus group

Question 39

Types of qualitative interviews (6)

Answer 39

In-depth, structured, semi-structured, structured, life history, focus group

Question 40

Qualitative methods have specialized data analysis methods including ___, _____

Answer 40

Conversation analysis Socialinguistic analysis

Question 41

- Consists of different field of fine arts and liberal arts including painting music film classic literature and music among the most popular ones on which research is conducted - The researcher can use empirical approach to conduct surveys of public opinion. - can use the non empirical approach to perform analysis on application and theory of literature, music, etc.

Answer 41

Art disciplines

Question 42

The scientific disciplines of medicine, mechanics, physics, and cellular biology are just a few sciences on which researchers use the empirical modes to perform first hand research both in the field as well as in the laboratory.

Answer 42

Science disciplines

Question 43

Does not have much application in the practical filled, yet a person can create a theoretical dissertation based on analytical thinking metaphysical interpretation and several hours of readings

Answer 43

Discipline of philosophy

Question 44

- Create a desert a shinto the theoretical approach of compiling data from archives, public courthouses and from societies of history - The possibilities for this area in dissertation writing are endless.

Answer 44

Discipline of history

Question 45

- Out in the field and observe the different cultures and societies, interview people and compile case studies from real life experiences

Answer 45

Discipline of humanities

Question 46

Practical approach consists of the empirical study of the topic under research and she frequencies of hands-on approach. This involves first-hand research in the form of questionnaire, surveys, interviews, observations, and discussion groups.

Answer 46

Practical Research

Question 47

In an empirical approach to research, this usually involves perusal of mostly published works like researching through archives of public libraries court rooms and published academic journals.

Answer 47

Theoretical Research