Chapter 1 - Particles and Radiation

Question 1

What is the charge and mass of the Proton?

Answer 1

Charge: +1.60X10^-19
Relative Charge: +1

Mass: 1.67X10^-27
Relative Mass: +1

Question 2

What is the charge and mass of the Neutron?

Answer 2

Charge: 0
Relative Charge: 0

Mass: 1.67X10^-27
Relative Mass: +1

Question 3

What is the charge and mass of the Electron?

Answer 3

Charge: -1.60X10^-19
Relative Charge: -1

Mass: 9.11X10^-31
Relative Mass: 1/2000

Question 4

What is an isotope?

Answer 4

Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Question 5

What is the equation for Specific Charge?

Answer 5

Specific Charge = charge/mass

Question 6

What is an anti-particle

Answer 6

Each particle has a corresponding antiparticle with the same mass and rest energy but an opposite charge

Question 7

Describe the process of pair production

Answer 7

In pair production a particle must experience a large amount of energy, when this occurs the energy can be converted into a particle and its respective antiparticle.

Question 8

Explain the process of annihilation

Answer 8

When a particle and its respective antiparticle meet annihilation occurs, all the mass of the particle and antiparticle gets converted into energy.

Question 9

What is the Symbol, Charge, Baryon number and strangeness of an Up Quark

Answer 9

Symbol: u
Charge: +2/3
Baryon Number: +1/3
Strangeness: 0

Question 10

What is the Symbol, Charge, Baryon number and strangeness of a Down Quark

Answer 10

Symbol: d
Charge: -1/3
Baryon Number: +1/3
Strangeness: 0

Question 11

What is the Symbol, Charge, Baryon number and strangeness of a Strange Quark

Answer 11

Symbol: s
Charge: -1/3
Baryon Number: +1/3
Strangeness: -1

Question 12

Explain what an Anti-Quark is

Answer 12

AntiQuarks have the opposite properties to quarks

Question 13

How many Quarks are required to make a Baryon

Answer 13

All Baryons are composed of three Quarks.
AntiBaryons are made up of three AntiQuarks.

Question 14

What is the Quark Composition of Mesons?

Answer 14

All Mesons are made up from one Quark and one AntiQuark

Question 15

What is Quark Confinement and why isnt it possible?

Answer 15

Quark confinement is the process of isolating a Quark so its by itself. It happens when energy is supplied to remove a quark.

The issue with this is that instead of removing the Quark from the atom, a particle and antiparticle is created from the energy.

Question 16

What is the strong nuclear force?

Answer 16

The strong force is a fundamental force that keeps the nucleus stable. This force affects hadrons. its exchange particle is a pion.

This force is repulsive up to .5 fm
Attractive up to 3 fm and negligible past 3 fm