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CHAPTER 1: PHASES & CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER Flashcards

(26 cards)

1
Q

MATTER

A

anything that has mass and occupies space

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2
Q

STATES OF MATTER

A

solid
liquid - flows and takes shape of container
gas - takes both shape and volume of container
*more density, harder to compress

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3
Q

SOLID

A

definite volume and definite shape; atoms or molecules are in fixed locations

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4
Q

LIQUID

A

atoms or molecules are free to move relative to each other giving liquids a definite volume but not a definite shape - assume shape of container

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5
Q

GAS

A

atoms or molecules have a lot of space between them and are free to move relative to one another; always assumes shape and volume of container

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6
Q

PURE SUBSTANCES

A

always have constant composition; single element (He); single compound (H20); pure molecule (H2); single atom; can separate components by chemical process

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7
Q

MIXTURES

A

combination of pure substances; salt water; variable composition e.g. 5% salt or 10% salt in salt water; can separate components by physical process

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8
Q

COMPOUND

A

2 or more different atoms; baking soda

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9
Q

ELEMENT

A

pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical changes; consists of 1 type of atom

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10
Q

MOLECULAR COMPOUND

A

in addition to having 2 or more atoms, 2 or more are different

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11
Q

ATOM

A

smallest particles of an element that have the properties of that element

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12
Q

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE

A

composition that varies from point to point

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13
Q

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE

A

solution, has uniform composition throughout

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14
Q

PHYSICAL PROPERTY

A

characteristics of matter not associated with a change in chemical composition.
• density, color, hardness, conductivity, viscosity

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15
Q

CHEMICAL PROPERTY

A

behavior related to the change of one kind of matter into another kind of matter
• flammability, reactivity, acidity, etc

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16
Q

PHYSICAL CHANGE

A

change in the state or properties of matter that does not involve a change in its chemical composition
melting ice; shredding paper; chopping wood

17
Q

CHEMICAL CHANGE

A

change producing a different kind of matter from the original kind of matter
burning wood; rusting metal; fireworks

18
Q

EXTENSIVE PROPERTY

A

property of a substance that depends on the amount of the substance
e.g. mass, volume, heat

19
Q

INTENSIVE PROPERTY

A

property of a substance that is independent of the amount of the substance
e.g. density, temperature

20
Q

ELASTIC COLLISION

A

collision in which there is no net loss in kinetic energy in the system as a result of the collision
gas molecules exert no attractive or repulsive forces on each other or the container walls; therefore, their
collisions are elastic (do not involve a loss of energy)

21
Q

SUBLIMATION

22
Q

DEPOSITION

23
Q

VAPORIZATION

A

liquid to gas

24
Q

CONDENSATION

A

gas to liquid

25
FUSION/MELTING
solid to liquid
26
FREEZING
liquid to solid