CHAPTER 1 - Quality Assessment and Safety Flashcards
(89 cards)
system designed to ensure the
quality of a laboratory’s services
quality assessment
direct response to growing concern
about the quality of laboratory test results and the need to
impose external standards to ensure quality results
Clinical
Laboratory Improvement Act 1988
an ongoing process to ensure that
laboratories are maintaining compliance with federal regulations through periodic onsite inspections.
certification
provides a
mechanism for detecting problems and provides an opportunity to improve services
qa
A QA program for the urinalysis laboratory consists of three
principal aspects
(1) pre analytical components
(2) analytical components
(3) post analytical components
avoiding duplicate testing and ensuring test appropriateness whenever possible
test utilization
TAT of ?: time from receipt
of the specimen in the laboratory to reporting of results to a
patient care area or into a data information system
laboratorians
TAT of ?: the time from when they write
the order for the test until the result is communicated to them
for action
physician
TAT of ?: the time that elapses
from actual specimen collection until the results are communicated to them
nursing personnel
physiologic factors can affect the urine specimen obtained
DEHM
diet
exercise
hydration
medications
urine spx is unacceptable. the procedure the staff should follow involves ?
(1) ensuring that two unique patient identifiers are on the request slip
and on the specimen and that they correlate;
(2) evaluation of
elapsed time between collection and receipt of the specimen
in the laboratory
(3) the suitability of specimen preservation,
(4) acceptability of the specimen
Criteria for urine specimen rejection
- Insufficient volume of urine for requested test(s)
- Inappropriate specimen type or collection
- Visibly contaminated specimen (e.g., with feces, debris)
- Incorrect urine preservative
- Specimen not properly preserved for transportation delay
- Unlabeled or mislabeled specimen or request form
- Request form incomplete or lacking
Specimens for a routine urinalysis should be tested within ? hours of collection
2
dynamic part of the clinical laboratory and require adherence
to protocol to ensure meaningful test results
preanalytical components
reporting results: in cases of ?, verbal specimen identification is accepted and
documentation is completed later
life-threatening emergencies
variables that are directly
involved in specimen testing
analytical components
—requires routine monitoring to ensure
appropriate function, calibration, and adherence to prescribed minimal standards
equipment
schedules to eliminate equipment failure and downtime
preventive maintenance
first individual to be aware of
an instrument failure
bench technologist
an excellent resource for developing an individualized procedure
for performing periodic checks and routine maintenance on
equipment and for providing guidelines on the documentation necessary in the urinalysis laboratory
CAP inspection checklist
SG of deionized water
1.000
SG of NaCl 3%
SG 1.015
SG of NaCl 5%
1.022
SG of NaCl 7%
1.035
