Chapter 1 Review Flashcards
Mass
Kilogram (kg)
Length
meter (m)
Time
seconds (s)
Temperature
kelvin (K)
Electric Current
Ampere (Amp)
Amount of substance
Mole (mol)
Uncertain digits
A digit that must be estimated. Record the certain digits and the first uncertain digit (which is the estimated number)
Accuracy
Agreement of a particular value with the true value
Precision
Degree of agreement among several measurements of the same quantity
Leading zeroes
Zeroes that precede all nonzero digits, and do not count as significant figures
Captive zeroes
Zeroes between nonzero digits, and always count as significant figures
Trailing zeroes
Zeroes right at the end of the number, and are only significant if the number contains a decimal point
Exact numbers
Have an infinite number of significant figures
homogeneous mixture
having indistinguishable parts (sugar being dissolved in water)
heterogeneous mixture
having visibly separate/distinguishable parts (oil with water being separated)
physical change
a change that does not change the makeup of an element or compound (more so a change of state)
chromatography
use of a series of methods that use two phases, mobile and the stationary phase
pure substance
compounds or elements
compounds
two or more different elements combine to form a molecule
element
substance that cannot be broken down further by either chemical or physical changes
chemical change
a given substance becomes a new substance with different properties and different composition
energy
ability to do work or to produce heat
law of conservation of energy
energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed
kinetic energy
energy of motion
