Chapter 1 Sections 1-4

Question 0

Behavior

Answer 0

Is any action that people can observe or measure

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

Is the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes

Question 2

Cognitive

Answer 2

Are mental processes (dreams, perceptions,and memories)

Question 3

Goals Of Psychology

Answer 3

• Explain Behavior: they observe and describe the behavior in terms of feelings and anxiety
• Predict and Control: help try to change and control their behavior
• Research: finding information
• Theories: a statement that attempts to explain why things are the way that they are and why they happen the way the happen.

Question 4

Clinical Psychology

Answer 4

Try to change ineffective and harmful behavior

Question 5

Psychiatrist

Answer 5

Medical doctors who can prescribe medications

Question 6

Counseling Psychology

Answer 6

Treat people with adjustment disorders

Help clarify goals, overcome adjustment problems and meet challenges

Question 7

School Psychology

Answer 7

Identify and help students who have problems that interfere with
learning

Question 8

Educational Psychology

Answer 8

Focus on course planning and instructional methods for all students

Question 9

Developmental Psychology

Answer 9

Study of changes throughout life span

Question 10

Personality Pyschology

Answer 10

Study the characteristics that make you, you, and looks for trait development.

Question 11

Social Psychology

Answer 11

Concerned with people’s behavior in social situations.

The study of how people interact with other people

Question 12

Experimental Psychology

Answer 12

Explore the biological/ psychological realms for cognitive behavior

Question 13

Industrial and Organizational

Answer 13

Improve working conditions and worker out put. Focus on people and work

Question 14

Human Factors

Answer 14

How people will use it
How it affects daily life
Physical characteristics
Safe and comfortable to use

Question 15

Community

Answer 15

Study and create social systems, promote individual well-being.

Example: building a shelter for homeless people

Question 16

Forensic

Answer 16

Work with criminal justice system, identify competence of defendants

Question 17

Rehabilitation

Answer 17

Work with patients who have a disability

Question 18

Cross-Cultural

Answer 18

Different cultural conditions

Question 19

Introspection

Answer 19

Learn about ourselves by examining our own thoughts and feelings.

Question 20

Hippocrates

Answer 20

Problems caused by abnormalities in the brain

Question 21

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 21

Structuralism (focus: discover the basic elements of consequences)

Question 22

William James

Answer 22

Functionalism (focus: relationship between experiences and behavior)

Question 23

Sigmund Freud

Answer 23

Psychoanalysis (focus: the importance of unconscious motives and internal conflicts and understanding behavior)

Question 24

John Watson

Answer 24

Behaviorism (focus: psychology must be limited to observable and measurable events)

Question 25

BF Skinner

Answer 25

Reinforcement (focus: positive and negative reinforcement)

Question 26

Gestalt School

Answer 26

Focus: our perceptions of objects are more than the sum of their parts

Question 27

Biological

Answer 27

Biological processes influence behavior and mental processes

Question 28

Evolutionary

Answer 28

Adaptive organisms survive and transmit their games to future generations

Question 29

Cognitive

Answer 29

Perceptions and thoughts influence behavior

Question 30

Humanistic

Answer 30

People make free and conscious choices based on their unique experiences

Question 31

Psychoanalytic

Answer 31

Unconscious motives influence behavior

Question 32

Learning

Answer 32

Personal experiences and reinforcement guide development

Question 33

Sociocultural

Answer 33

Sociocultural, biological and psychological factors create individual differences

Question 34

Biopsychosocial

Answer 34

Mental processes are influenced by interaction of biological, psychological and social factors