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Government > Chapter 1 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Government

A

The institution through which society makes and enforces its public policies

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2
Q

Public policies

A

Something that the government decides to do

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3
Q

What is the Governments purpose/ role?

A

Ancient Greeks believed it was to improve the lives of its citizens

Declaration of Independence says to protect the rights of its citizens

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4
Q

Unalienable rights

A

Life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness

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5
Q

Where does the governments power come from

A

God
Force
People

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6
Q

Is the government good, bad or even necessary

A

Yes yes and yes

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7
Q

Identify/Describe the five form of government

A

1) anarchy- no government
2) dictatorship/monarchy- power rest with one person
3) oligarchy- a rule by a small group
4) democracy- a rule by the people
5) republic- a rule by the law

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8
Q

Anarchy

A

No government

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9
Q

Dictatorship

A

Power rests with one person

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10
Q

Oligarchy

A

A rule by a small group or a few

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11
Q

Democracy (direct and indirect)

A

Indirect- through their representatives

Direct- themselves

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12
Q

Republic

A

A rule by law

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13
Q

What are the two main forms of government today

A

Democracy and oligarchy

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14
Q

Limitation of government=

A

Freedom

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15
Q

The government is given three kinds of powers

A

1) legislative power
2) executive power
3) judicial power

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16
Q

Legislative power

A

Makes the laws- congress does this

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17
Q

Executive power

A

Enforces laws- president does this

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18
Q

Judicial power

A

Interprets law- Supreme Court does this

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19
Q

Who grants the powers to the government

A

Nations constitution

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20
Q

Nations constitution

A

Fundamental laws and principles of government

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21
Q

State

A

The dominant political power in the world

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22
Q

The state is referred to a _____ or _____.

A

Country or nation

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23
Q

Identify/describe the 4 characteristics of state

A

1) population- ppl
2) territory/ border- Land
3) sovereignty- supreme power
4) central government- politically organized

24
Q

Identity/ describe the origins of state

A

1) force theory- state was born out of force
2) evolution theory- state went from family to clan to tribe
3) divine right theory- God gave a certain group the right to vote
4) social contract theory- free ppl gave the state as much power as needed to promote the safety and well-being of all

25
Q

Identify/describe the 6 purposes of government

A

1) form a more perfect union- strengthen the union
2) to establish justice- the law must be reasonable
3) insure domestic tranquillity-provide law and order at home
4) provide for the common defense- defense against foreign enemies
5) promote the general welfare- provides services such as EPA, FDA, post office and schools
6) Secure the blessings of Liberty- guarantees freedom for the individuals

26
Q

No two governments are or ever have been _____ ______.

A

Exactly alike

27
Q

Name the 3 classifications of Government

A
  1. Number who may participate
  2. Where the power lies
  3. Relationship between the legislative and executive branches
28
Q

In a democracy ___ can participate

A

All

29
Q

Name the two types of dictatorship

A

Autocracy and oligarchy

30
Q

Autocracy

A

Single person holds power

31
Q

All dictatorships are______.

A

Authoritarian

32
Q

Authoritarian

A

The state has all the political power

33
Q

Some dictatorships are _______.

A

Totalitarian

34
Q

Totalitarian

A

The state has total power over every aspect of the people’s lives

35
Q

Name the three forms where the power lies in a government

A

1) unitary
2) federal
3) confederate

36
Q

Unitary government

A

(Parliamentarian)
The power lies in the hands of a single central agency
Most used form
Example is Great Britain

37
Q

Federal government

A

(Presidential)
Power is shared equally by the central and the local agencies
Example is the USA

38
Q

Confederate government

A

(Not used in the world today)
Power is given to the local agencies only
Example- confederate states of America

39
Q

Name 2 forms of relationships between the legislative and executive branches

A

1) presidential

2) parliamentary

40
Q

Presidential

A

Legislative and executive branches are independent and co-equal

41
Q

Parliamentary

A

Executive(prime minister) is chosen and controlled by the legislative branch

42
Q

Identify/Describe the 5 basic elements/concepts of a democratic government

A

1) Equality of all persons(equality of opportunity and equality before law)
2) worth of the individual( we are separate and distinct beings
3) Majority rule, Minority rights(the minority has rights and can turn into the majority)
4) Necessity of compromise(there are two side to everything)
5) individual freedom (we have rights but they are not complete)

43
Q

Majority rule

A

The minority has rights and can become the majority

44
Q

Compromise

A

An agreement or settlement of a disputed that is reached by each side giving a little

45
Q

Sovereign

A

Supreme power

46
Q

Monarchy

A

Dictatorship

47
Q

Citizen

A

One who holds certain rights and responsibilities within a state

48
Q

Name the three duties of a citizen

A

1) obey laws
2) go to school
3) pay taxes

49
Q

Name the 3 responsibilities of a citizen

A

1) vote
2) community volunteering
3) running for office

50
Q

America’s commitment to freedom is based on roots in our______ _______.

A

Economic system

51
Q

Free enterprise

A

(Capitalism) American economic system that is based on 5 fundamental ideas

52
Q

Identify the 5 ideas of Free Enterprise

A

1) private ownership
2) individual initiative
3) profit
4) competition
5) supply and demand

53
Q

What is the life and blood of Capitalism

A

Competition

54
Q

What is the governments main role in the US economy

A

To protect and preserve free enterprise

55
Q

Identify the difference between a democracy and a republic

A

The extent to which the people control the process of making laws

56
Q

Confederation

A

An alliance of independent states

57
Q

Division of power

A

The separation of the powers

Government (15 decks)

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