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Chapter 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Government

A

The institution through which society makes and enforces its public policies

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2
Q

Public policies

A

Something that the government decides to do

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3
Q

What is the Governments purpose/ role?

A

Ancient Greeks believed it was to improve the lives of its citizens

Declaration of Independence says to protect the rights of its citizens

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4
Q

Unalienable rights

A

Life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness

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5
Q

Where does the governments power come from

A

God
Force
People

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6
Q

Is the government good, bad or even necessary

A

Yes yes and yes

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7
Q

Identify/Describe the five form of government

A

1) anarchy- no government
2) dictatorship/monarchy- power rest with one person
3) oligarchy- a rule by a small group
4) democracy- a rule by the people
5) republic- a rule by the law

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8
Q

Anarchy

A

No government

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9
Q

Dictatorship

A

Power rests with one person

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10
Q

Oligarchy

A

A rule by a small group or a few

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11
Q

Democracy (direct and indirect)

A

Indirect- through their representatives

Direct- themselves

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12
Q

Republic

A

A rule by law

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13
Q

What are the two main forms of government today

A

Democracy and oligarchy

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14
Q

Limitation of government=

A

Freedom

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15
Q

The government is given three kinds of powers

A

1) legislative power
2) executive power
3) judicial power

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16
Q

Legislative power

A

Makes the laws- congress does this

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17
Q

Executive power

A

Enforces laws- president does this

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18
Q

Judicial power

A

Interprets law- Supreme Court does this

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19
Q

Who grants the powers to the government

A

Nations constitution

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20
Q

Nations constitution

A

Fundamental laws and principles of government

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21
Q

State

A

The dominant political power in the world

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22
Q

The state is referred to a _____ or _____.

A

Country or nation

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23
Q

Identify/describe the 4 characteristics of state

A

1) population- ppl
2) territory/ border- Land
3) sovereignty- supreme power
4) central government- politically organized

24
Q

Identity/ describe the origins of state

A

1) force theory- state was born out of force
2) evolution theory- state went from family to clan to tribe
3) divine right theory- God gave a certain group the right to vote
4) social contract theory- free ppl gave the state as much power as needed to promote the safety and well-being of all

25
Identify/describe the 6 purposes of government
1) form a more perfect union- strengthen the union 2) to establish justice- the law must be reasonable 3) insure domestic tranquillity-provide law and order at home 4) provide for the common defense- defense against foreign enemies 5) promote the general welfare- provides services such as EPA, FDA, post office and schools 6) Secure the blessings of Liberty- guarantees freedom for the individuals
26
No two governments are or ever have been _____ ______.
Exactly alike
27
Name the 3 classifications of Government
1. Number who may participate 2. Where the power lies 3. Relationship between the legislative and executive branches
28
In a democracy ___ can participate
All
29
Name the two types of dictatorship
Autocracy and oligarchy
30
Autocracy
Single person holds power
31
All dictatorships are______.
Authoritarian
32
Authoritarian
The state has all the political power
33
Some dictatorships are _______.
Totalitarian
34
Totalitarian
The state has total power over every aspect of the people’s lives
35
Name the three forms where the power lies in a government
1) unitary 2) federal 3) confederate
36
Unitary government
(Parliamentarian) The power lies in the hands of a single central agency Most used form Example is Great Britain
37
Federal government
(Presidential) Power is shared equally by the central and the local agencies Example is the USA
38
Confederate government
(Not used in the world today) Power is given to the local agencies only Example- confederate states of America
39
Name 2 forms of relationships between the legislative and executive branches
1) presidential | 2) parliamentary
40
Presidential
Legislative and executive branches are independent and co-equal
41
Parliamentary
Executive(prime minister) is chosen and controlled by the legislative branch
42
Identify/Describe the 5 basic elements/concepts of a democratic government
1) Equality of all persons(equality of opportunity and equality before law) 2) worth of the individual( we are separate and distinct beings 3) Majority rule, Minority rights(the minority has rights and can turn into the majority) 4) Necessity of compromise(there are two side to everything) 5) individual freedom (we have rights but they are not complete)
43
Majority rule
The minority has rights and can become the majority
44
Compromise
An agreement or settlement of a disputed that is reached by each side giving a little
45
Sovereign
Supreme power
46
Monarchy
Dictatorship
47
Citizen
One who holds certain rights and responsibilities within a state
48
Name the three duties of a citizen
1) obey laws 2) go to school 3) pay taxes
49
Name the 3 responsibilities of a citizen
1) vote 2) community volunteering 3) running for office
50
America’s commitment to freedom is based on roots in our______ _______.
Economic system
51
Free enterprise
(Capitalism) American economic system that is based on 5 fundamental ideas
52
Identify the 5 ideas of Free Enterprise
1) private ownership 2) individual initiative 3) profit 4) competition 5) supply and demand
53
What is the life and blood of Capitalism
Competition
54
What is the governments main role in the US economy
To protect and preserve free enterprise
55
Identify the difference between a democracy and a republic
The extent to which the people control the process of making laws
56
Confederation
An alliance of independent states
57
Division of power
The separation of the powers

Government (15 decks)

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