Chapter 1 Test Flashcards
(99 cards)
1
Q
What technique creates a three-dimensional dynamic image of blood vessels?
A
digital subtraction angiography
2
Q
A CT scan allows for a three-dimensional image to be generated.
A
True
3
Q
Magnetic resonance imaging is based on the movement of
A
protons in a magnetic field.
4
Q
The delivery of a radioactive compound to the body to study the metabolism of tissues is called
A
PET
5
Q
An anatomic image created from sound waves is a
A
Sonogram
6
Q
A major limitation of radiographs is that they
A
give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the body.
7
Q
The study of the body’s organization by areas is
A
regional anatomy
8
Q
The study of the external form of the body and its relationship to deeper structures is
A
surface anatomy
9
Q
The study of tissues is
A
histology
10
Q
Anatomy is
A
the study of structure
11
Q
The study of the structural features and functions of the cell is
A
cytology
12
Q
Which subdivision of anatomy involves the study of organs that function together?
A
systemic
13
Q
Visual inspection of the appearance of the liver and gallbladder during surgery is
associated with which of the following?
A
gross anatomy
14
Q
Microscopic examination of a frozen tissue specimen is an application of which of the
following disciplines?
A
histology
15
Q
An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how changes in pH affect the function of enzymes on digestion is most likely to be a(n)
A
physiologist.
16
Q
An organelle is
A
a small structure within a cell.
17
Q
An organ is
A
a structure composed of several tissue types.
18
Q
A cell is
A
the basic structural unit of living organisms.
19
Q
A tissue is
A
group of cells with similar structure and function.
20
Q
An organ system is
A
a group of organs with a common set of functions.
21
Q
Which of the following systems carries necessary compounds like oxygen and nutrients
throughout the body?
A
cardiovascular
22
Q
Which organ system is the location of blood cell production?
A
skeletal
23
Q
Which body system would be affected by degeneration of cartilage in joints?
A
skeletal
24
Q
The gallbladder, liver, and stomach are all part of the
A
digestive system
25
The integumentary system
regulates body temperature
26
What system removes nitrogenous waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH,
ion balance, and water balance?
urinary
27
An organism's ability to use energy in order to swim is an example of
metabolism
28
The changes an organism undergoes through time is called
development
29
Nerve cells generate electrical signals in response to changes in the environment. This is
an example of
responsiveness
30
An increase in the number of cells is
growth
31
Which of the following is most consistent with homeostasis?
Elevated blood glucose levels cause insulin secretion (insulin causes cells to take up
glucose) to increase.
32
Which of the following is consistent with homeostasis?
As body temperature rises, sweating occurs to cool the body.
33
In a negative feedback mechanism, the response of the effector
reverses the original stimulus.
34
A researcher discovered a sensory receptor that detects decreasing oxygen concentrations
in the blood. According to the principles of negative feedback, it is likely that stimulation of
this sensory receptor will produce which of the following types of responses?
an increase in the respiratory rate
35
Which of the following is NOT a component of a negative feedback mechanism?
stabilizer
36
Positive-feedback mechanisms are always damaging to the body.
False
37
The anatomical term that means "away from the midline of the body" is
lateral
38
The thumb is ___ to the fifth digit (little finger).
lateral
39
The shoulder is _____ to the elbow.
proximal
40
Which of the following describes the position of the nose?
superior to the mouth
41
A term that means "toward the attached end of a limb" is
proximal
42
Which of the following is most inferior in location?
pelvic cavity
43
While Stacy is in the process of passing over the bar during a pole vault, her hips are
considered to be
inferior to her shoulders
44
Cephalic means
closer to the head
45
Posterior means
toward the back of the body
46
Medial means
toward the middle or midline of the body
47
proximal means
closer than another structure to the point of attachment to the trunk.
48
deep means
away from the surface
49
In the expression "Let your fingers do the walking," which of the following anatomical
terms could be substituted for "fingers?"
digits
50
The anatomical arm refers to the part of the upper limb from the
from the shoulder to the elbow
51
the lumbar region is the
lower back
52
The antebrachial region is the
forearm
53
The antecubital region is the
area infront of the elbow
54
The pectoral region is the
chest area
55
The plantar surface is the
bottom of the foot
56
The brachial region is commonly known as the
upper arm
57
The inguinal region is commonly known as the
groin
58
The gluteal region is commonly known as the
buttock
59
The sternal region is commonly known as the
breastbone
60
The umbilical region is commonly known as the
naval
61
The cervical region is the
neck
62
The popliteal region is the
hollow behind the knee
63
The sural region is the
calf
64
The femoral region is the
thigh
65
The axillary region is the
armpit
66
A vertical plane that separates the body into right and left portions is called a _____
plane.
sagittal
67
"Cutting off your nose" would be a section in the _____ plane.
coronal
68
The cavity of the body immediately inferior to the diaphragm is the _____ cavity.
abdominal
69
The suffix "-itis" means inflammation. Which of the following terms means inflammation
of the membrane lining the body cavity that contains the liver?
peritonitis
70
The wall of the abdominopelvic cavity is lined by a serous membrane called the
parietal peritoneum.
71
The visceral pleura is
the serous membrane that covers the lungs.
72
The parietal peritoneum is
the serous membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities.
73
The mesentery is
a double-layered serous membrane that anchors some of the abdominal organs to the body
wall.
74
The pleural cavity is the
space located between the visceral and parietal pleura.
75
The parietal pericardium is
the membrane that lines the pericardial sac.
76
Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does "A"
represent?
mediastinum
77
Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does "B"
represent?
diaphragm
78
Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does "C"
represent?
thoracic cavity
79
Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does "D"
represent?
abdominal cavity
80
Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does "E"
represent?
pelvic cavity
81
What branch of physiology would study the effects of sunbathing on the skin?
organ physiology
82
The part of the feedback mechanism that processes information, relates it to other
information, and makes a decision of action is the receptor.
false
83
Which of the following is not a function of the control center within a feedback mechanism?
detects a change in the value of a variable
84
In reference to the body tempaerature in living organisms, the set point can be defined as the
ideal normal value
85
Which of the following is not a characteristic of homeostatic variables?
the always remain at a fixed variable
86
The control center compares input from a receptor with the ideal normal value for a condition called a set point.
true
87
Blood pressure decreases below normal levels. Blood flow to the heart decreases Heart is unable to pump as much
blood. Blood pressure decreases even more.
This is an example of _____ feedback.
positive feedback
88
This figure illustrates changes in blood pressure when _____ feedback mechanisms are in control.
positive
89
Platelets adhere to a damaged blood vessel Platelets secrete various substances Platelets adhere to a damaged blood
vessel
This is an example of _____ feedback.
positive
90
Positive feedback mechanisms are more commonly seen in ______ individuals.
unhealthy
91
True or false: Positive feedback mechanisms are less common in healthy individuals than negative feedback mechanisms.
true
92
A person lying with his/her face down is said to be in what position?
prone
93
Which of the following is not a term that describes a cut that separates the body into left and right portions?
coronal
94
The plane that cuts the body lengthwise and separates the body into anterior and posterior portions is called
frontal
95
Whereas a 'plane' describes an imaginary flat surface, a 'section' describes a way to cut an organ.
true
96
A cut through the long axis of an organ is a(n)
longitudinal section
97
The thoracic cavity is divided into right and left parts by a median partition called the sternum.
false
98
True or False? Both the spleen and the urinary bladder are contained within the pelvic cavity subdivision of the
abdominopelvic cavity.
false
99
True or False? The kidneys are contained within the pelvic cavity subdivision of the abdominopelvic cavity.
false
