Chapter 1: The Collision of Cultures Flashcards
(23 cards)
How did early migration into the Americas occur?
Early migration to the Americas was possible by crossing the Bering Strait or Beringia.
When did early migration to the Americas occur?
It occurred about 11,000 years ago.
What created the Bering Strait?
A drought, which led to low water levels creating a land bridge between Asia and America.
Why did people cross the Bering Strait?
Early hunter-gatherers were following their food sources.
What was the main innovation in tools that led to people’s ability to kill big game?
The Clovis projectile point, which was carved on both sides to puncture animals more easily.
Who were the first people to migrate to the Americas and where were they from?
The Clovis people, and they were from Mongolia/Siberia.
Where did other early American migrants come from?
They probably came from Polynesia, NE Asia, and Norway.
What does prehistoric mean?
Prehistoric is before writing (until 5,000 years ago).
What is Paleolithic?
Paleolithic is the old stone age, from 200,000 years ago to 8000 BCE until a large drought.
What is neolithic?
Neolithic is the new stone age. Neolithic introduces agriculture.
When did the worldwide climate change happen?
about 9000 BCE
What happened during the climate change?
Big game died off -> neolithic evolution of farming -> sedentary societies (ex Mesopotamia)
What were gender roles during early times?
Men would hunt and fish, while women would gather and take care of the children.
What is the archaic period?
The archaic period is a period in American history around 8000 BC when ppl hunted and gathered, until the invention of farming.
What are the Incas?
The Incas were a Peruvian civilization that were the largest American empire.
What were Meso-Americans?
The Meso-Americans were the Mayan and Aztec empires in C. America.
What was the first major civilization in Mexico?
the Olmec ppl, living about 1000 BCE
How did the Eskimos live?
The Eskimos lived in Alaska and hunted and fished.
How did the Pacific NW Indians live?
They fished and ate acorns.`
How did the SW Indians live?
They did agriculture using irrigation systems and created huge towns and pueblos (remember cliff dwellings)
How did Great Plains Indians live?
They did sedentary farming and hunted bison. The horse from europe -^ bison hunting.
How did Woodland Indians live?
They had the most food resources and trade, and created huge towns, such as Cahokia.
How did the Northeast Indians live?
They were nomadic and use slash and burn agriculture.
