Chapter 1: The Human Body Overview Flashcards
(21 cards)
Anatomy
structure and shape of the body and its parts
Physiology
how the body works or functions
Gross anatomy
large structures, easily observable
Microscopic Anatomy
small, microscope
Levels of Structural Organization
- Chemical
- Cellular
- Tissue
- Organs
- Organ System
- Organism
Integumentary System
skin, external covering, protects tissue, regulates body temp, synthesizes vitamin D, nerve receptors (temp, pressure, pain)
Skeletal System
protects/supports organs, muscles attachment for movement/locomotion via contractions, maintains posture, produces heat
Nervous System
responds to internal/external changes (stimuli), messages - nerve impulses - central nervous system, activates muscle and glands responses
Endocrine System
secretes hormones for growth, reproduction, metabolism
Cardiovascular/Circulatory System
transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes in body via blood pumped by heart
Red Blood
Oxygenated, rich
Blue Blood
not oxygenated
Lymphatic (immune) system
returns fluid to blood vessels, disposes of debris, cleanses blood, lymph nodes
Respiratory System
keeps blood supplied with oxygen, removes CO2, alveoli = gas exchange to/from blood
Digestive System
BAE, breaks down food, absorbs, nutrients, eliminated indigestible material
Urinary (excretory) system
eliminates nitrogenous wastes (urea/uric acid) from blood to urine, maintains acid base balance, regulates water, electrolytes
Reproductive System
offspring, development
Necessary Life Functions (MMBRRDEG)
- maintaining boundaries
-movement - metabolism
- responsiveness
- reproduction
- digestion
- excretion
- growth
Survival Needs (NOWTP)
- nutrients
- oxygen
- water
- stable body temp
- atmospheric pressure
Homeostasis
maintaining a stable internal environment regardless of outside, must be maintained for normal body functioning and sustain life
