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Microbiology > Chapter 1: The Main Themes Of Microbiology > Flashcards

Chapter 1: The Main Themes Of Microbiology Flashcards

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1
Q

Microbiology

A

life not readily visible to the naked eye individually

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2
Q

Exceptions that can be seen with a naked eye in microbiology is..?

A
  • Epulopiscium

- Thiomargarita

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3
Q

Primary Tool used in Microbiology

A

Microscope

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4
Q

What is the subject in Microbiology?

A

Microorganisms (microbes, germs, pathogens)

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5
Q

Examples of microorganisms

A

microbes, germs, pathogens

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6
Q

A carrier is called a?

A

Vector

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7
Q

Vermin

A

disgusting obnoxious animal (fly, rat,)

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8
Q

What is formerly “Normal Flora”?

A

Microbiota

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9
Q

Microbiota

A

formerly “Normal Flora”

-all the microorganisms found in and on the body

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10
Q

Microbiome

A

collection of microbes that live in and on the body

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11
Q

Collection of microbes that live in and on the body

A

MIcrobiome

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12
Q

Metagenome

A

genomes recovered from mixed environmental samples; provides information on diversity of microbe types without isolating or culturing them

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13
Q

Colonies

A
  • clone of an original unit
  • can see with a naked eye
  • 1 cell duplicates
  • DNA of organism determines what it looks like (pigment)
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14
Q

Types of Microorganisms

A
  • Bacteria
  • Archaea
  • Protozoa
  • Algae
  • Fungi
  • Animals
  • Viruses
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15
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Bacteria

A
  • Prokaryotic

- single cell

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16
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Archaea

A
  • Prokaryotic
  • single cell
  • live in extreme/unusual habitats ex:volcanoes, glaciers
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17
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Protozoa

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Protist
  • Eukaryotic
  • single cells
18
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Algae

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Protist
  • Eukaryotic
  • single, multi, or colonial cells
19
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Fungi

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Eukaryotic
  • yeasts, molds, mushrooms
  • breaks down host
20
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Animals

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A
  • Eukaryotic
  • multicellular
  • helminths (causative agents) aka worms; flat (tapeworm) or round,
21
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Viruses

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A
  • Particles
  • Not cells
  • causative agent of disease
  • Parasite
  • DNA or RNA not both
22
Q

Prokaryotic Cells

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A
  • Has DNA and RNA
  • Cytoplasm (DNA is loose in)
  • Cell Membrane
  • Cell Wall
  • hair like structures
  • Flagella (to move)
  • Ribosomes
23
Q

Eukaryotic Cells

Study These Flashcards
A
  • DNA + RNA
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell Membrane
  • Ribosomes
  • Nucleus (DNA inside)
  • Mitochondria
  • animal cell- no cell wall
  • plant cell- cell wall
24
Q

The Standard System Of Measurement in the Sciences?

Study These Flashcards
A

The Metric System

25
The Metric System is set up to measure...?
- Volume - Mass (weight) - Length (distance)
26
The Basic Unit of Length is..?
Meter
27
The Basic Unit of Weight is..?
Gram
28
The Basic Unit of Volume is..?
Liter
29
In the Metric System, when converting to a LARGER SIZE unit you...
DIVIDE the given number by the appropriate factor of 10 -move the decimal point to the left ex: 55nm = ____um (.055) nm to um is 3 spaces, so you would move 3 decimal places to the left)
30
In the Metric System, when converting to a SMALLER SIZE unit you....
MULTIPLY by the appropriate factor of 10 -move the decimal point to the right ex: 0.25mm = ____um (250) (the distance from mm to um is 3 spaces, so you move 3 decimal places to the right)
31
The prefixes added to the basic unit indicate either the _____ of basic units or the _____ of the basic unit
1. Number | 2. Fraction
32
Metric Units of Length in Order from High to Low
-Kilometer (km) = 1000m -Hectometer = 100m -Decameter =10m -Meter (m) =1m -Decimeter =1/10m -Centimeter (cm) =1/100m -Millimeter (mm) =1/1000m - - -Micrometer (um) =1/1,000,000m - - -Nanometer (nm) =1/1,000,000,000m
33
What causes the flu?
a virus
34
Examples of Protozoa
- Amoeba - Trichonympha - Giardia Intestinalis
35
Example of Protozoa: Amoeba
-uses pseudopods that engulf food particles
36
Example of Protozoa: Trichonympha
- exists in gut of termite - digests wood - not a disease causer
37
Example of Protozoa: Giardia Intestinalis
- in water with feces - causative agent - something that was sick defecated in the water then you drink it and get sick
38
Examples of Algae
- Pond Algae, Volvox | - Dinoflagellates
39
Examples of Algae: Dinoflagellates
- in water - microscopic - makes the red tide in the water when there is a lot - toxin it produces makes you sick
40
Example of Fungi
Mushrooms - mass of hairlike filaments - can produce toxins
41
Example of Bacteria
- Haemophilus Influenzae - false name - does not cause the flu - rod-shaped

Microbiology (20 decks)

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