chapter 1 the role of the nursing assistant Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
mandated reporter
A
must report suspected abuse or neglect
2
Q
ethics
A
code of moral standards
3
Q
confidentiality
A
privacy and respecting someones wishes and information
4
Q
OBRA
A
the law that states the standards for nursing homes and ensure the protection and safety of patients
5
Q
assault
A
the threat to harm
6
Q
battery
A
- touching someone without permission
- restraining
- forcing someone to do something they don’t want to do
7
Q
slander vs libel
A
slander: gossip damaging a person’s rep
libel: written lies damaging a person’s rep
8
Q
uniform disciplinary act
A
discipline procedures for health professionals
9
Q
false imprisonment
A
restraint of a persons freedom or movement
10
Q
long term care facility
A
examples:
- nursing home
- adult family homes
11
Q
abuse
A
harm of a person, physical or verbal
12
Q
neglect
A
causing harm to someone due to not fulfilling duties and responsibilities
13
Q
geriatric
A
the elderly
14
Q
ombudsman
A
an official appointed to investigate individuals’ complaints against maladministration
15
Q
Identify three members of the nursing department
A
- CNA
- LPN
- RN
- ARNP: nurse practitioner= RN with a masters degree
16
Q
Name 3 members of the restorative/ rehabilitative department and describe what they do
A
physical therapist: develops plans of care to strengthen muscles and regain mobility
occupational therapist: develops plans of care to help the person regain ADLs, feeding themselves, dressing themselves
speech language pathologist: works with clients with speech problems and assists with eating and swallowing difficulties
17
Q
What are your responsibilities regarding confidentiality??
A
HIPAA, we must only discuss people’s personal information with others in a non gossipy manner, and only to discuss the person’s care to help them. We must discuss people’s personal information only with those who can help us help them. You must protect the privacy of the client. Only speak in private areas, in a quiet voice so that nothing can be overheard.
18
Q
Three things an NA isn’t allowed to do
A
- give medication and pills, even vitamins and pain killers
- tasks that involve piercing the skin
- anything that requires tubes, inserting or removing tubes, nasogastric (through the nose) tube feeding, central line maintenance
19
Q
How to become certified
A
- Complete state-approved CNA training
- Pass clinicals
- 40 hours of hired in person training at a hospital, clinic, certified place to work
20
Q
3 ways to maintain privacy
A
- Close curtain
- close blinds, door, drapes
- expose only one part of the body at a time when bathing
- knock before entering a clients room
- Treat their belongings with respect
21
Q
How can you assist client in voicing grievances??
A
somethings can be fixed on the spot, like cold coffee, but somethings need to be taken to your supervisor
22
Q
hierarchy of needs
A
- physiological needs, food, water, shelter sleep
- safety needs
- love and belonging
- self esteem
- self actualization
23
Q
clients bill of rights
A
The Client Bill of Rights is designed to recognize, promote, and protect, an individual’s right to be treated with dignity and respect within the health care system
24
Q
Psycho social losses
A
- retirement from work
- decreased income
- health problems
death of spouse
-increases isolation
25
workplace violence
can come from the client of the caregiver
| - dementia patients especially
26
empathy
the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
27
aging changes of the cardiovascular system
consists of heart, blood and blood vessels
- hypertension: bp goes up
- edema may occurs in lower legs and feet
- blood vessels become narrow. less elastic, and possible clogged. leads to poor circulation throughout the body
- heart attack, stroke, congestive heart failure
28
aging changes of the respiratory system
respiratory system: nose, throat, voice box, lungs
- less effective coughs, less breathing capability
- pneumonia
- asthma
- COPD
29
aging changes with the digestive system
includes: mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, pancreas
1. decreased appetite
2. absence of teeth, difficulty chewing and swallowing
3. greater risk of choking
- constipation
- fecal impaction
- hemorrhoids
30
aging changes with the muscular system
includes muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage
1. decrease of muscle strength= atrophy and weakness
2. bones are more brittle= leads to fractures
3. joints become stiff= arthritis
31
aging changes in the urinary system
includes: kidneys, ureters, bladder
1. inability to hold urine, causes UTI
2. ENLARGED PROSTATE IN MEN
32
aphasia
inability to communicate verbally
33
subjective reporting
an individual describing their own subjective experience
34
objective reporting
fact-based, measurable and observable reporting
35
good communication
- body language
- facial expressions
- tone of voice
- relaxed
- non threatening
- speak clearly
- be non judgemental
36
storing a hearing aid
turn it off, remove batteries, store in a clean and dry place
37
how to put in a hearing aid for a client
- check batteries
| - before putting in the hearing aid turn down the volume
38
things to remember about the medical record
- must be kept confidential
- can be subpoenaed for court
- has results, orders, forms, contact information\
- can be done on paper or electronically
- has to be done in pen
- don't erase or white things out. draw a line and write error
39
contents of medical record
- contact information
- x-ray results
- financial records
- medication documentation
- history
- physical
40
things that must be reported to a nurse
- falls
- abnormal amounts of food or liquid consumption
- any abnormal signs
- reddening of skin
- breaks in skin
- cuts or bleeding
- complaints of pain
- abnormal vital signs
41
contracture
shortening or tightening of a muscle or tendon
42
what does Q mean?
every
43
oral care should be done...
Q every two hours
44
MRSA
A staph disease that is resistant to methacillin
45
staph
an infection from bacteria found on the skin or in the nose. Staph can also cause food poisoning resulting in nausea, vomiting, and stomach ache.
46
8 oz= ___ ccs
240. Multiply the number of oz by three and add a zero
47
what are the grieving stages as described by Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross?
1. denial
2. anger
3. bargaining
4. depression
5. acceptance
48
what do pressure stockings prevent
edema, the swelling of parts of the body because of stored fluid, usually blood. Usually occurs on the legs and feet.
49
Bony promincences
1. elbows
2. coccyx
3. ankles
4. hips
5. heels
50
Symptoms of impaction
1. Bm smears
| 2. absence of normal BMs, constipation
51
What is defibralation
delivering shock to the heart from a AED
52
Causes of aggressive behavior in a client
1. lack of control
2. neglect
3. being fearful
4. lack of choices
53
Observations about stool that should be reported
1. black stool
2. stool with blood
3. hard stool
54
aging change in the skin
1. dry
2. fragile
3. wrinkles
55
aging change in vision
impaired depth perception
56
What should you do if the client expresses thought of suicide?
1. contact patients physician
2. notify charge nurse immediately
3. Con tact the national suicide lifeline
57
When should you wash your hands
1. between each client
2. after removing gloves
3. before putting on gloves
4. after using the bathroom
58
what is TB??
TB is a disease of the lungs.
| Spread when the infected person coughs or sneezes
59
what is VRE?
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus
| Spread through the touching
60
what are vital signs??
1. temperature
2. respiration
3. pulse
4. blood pressure
61
Different spots for pulse
1. carotid pulse: neck
2. brachial pulse: inner arm at the elbow
3. apical pulse: chest pulse, use stethoscope
4. radial pulse: wrist
62
systolic and diastolic blood pressure
written as systolic pressure, the force of the blood against the artery walls as your heart beats, over diastolic pressure, the blood pressure between heartbeats.
63
febrile definition
having or showing the symptoms of a fever
64
tachycardia definition
fast heartbeat
65
bradycardia definition
slow heartbeat
66
dyspnea definition
difficult or labored breathing
67
passive ROM vs Active ROM
passive ROM: someone performing them for you
| active ROM: you performing the exercise for yourself
68
physical signs if impending death
1. Loss of Appetite
2. labored breathing
3. Increased Physical Weakness
4. Changes in Urination
5. Swelling to Feet, Ankles and Hands
69
definition of palliative care
care giving approach aimed at optimizing quality of life and mitigating suffering among people with serious, complex illness
70
what is pulse oximetry??
way to see how much oxygen is in the blood through the finger tip
71
Why might specimens (stool, sputum, urine) be helpful?
- A stool analysis is a series of tests done on a stool (feces) sample to help diagnose certain conditions affecting the digestive tract. These conditions can include infection (such as from parasites, viruses, or bacteria), poor nutrient absorption, or cancer
- A urinalysis is a test of your urine. A urinalysis is used to detect and manage a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract infections, kidney disease and diabetes.
- A sputum test, is a test that your doctor may order when you have a respiratory tract infection or other lung-related disorder to determine what is growing in the lungs.
72
What happens during psychosis
During a period of psychosis, a person's thoughts and perceptions are disturbed and the individual may have difficulty understanding what is real and what is not.
73
What is a transient ischemic attack?
A brief stroke-like attack that, despite resolving within minutes to hours, still requires immediate medical attention to distinguish from an actual stroke.
74
What is bronchitis?
Inflammation of the lining of bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs.
75
what is emphysema?? COPD??
- In emphysema, the walls between many of the air sacs in the lungs are damaged.
- A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe.
76
true of false alzheimers is one of the leading causes of death in the US
true
77
What are delusions
false beliefs
78
difference between dementia and delirium
delirium comes immedietly and goes away within a few weeks
| dementia comes slowly and stays. It's a progressive mental disease
79
What is sundowning
when the client has exaddurated dementia symptoms in late evening and early evening
80
what is the integumentary system?
the skin system
81
If you didn't complete an assignment what should you do?
write in your initials, circle them, and notify the charge nurse
82
Aphasia:
dysphagia:
dyspnea:
aspiration:
1. inability to communicate verbally
2. partial inability to speak
3. difficulty/ painful breathing
4. when anything gets inhaled into the airways
83
cardio
heart
84
hepa
liver
85
gastro
stomach
86
osteo
bone
87
cerebro
brain
88
hemiphlegia
half paralysis
89
up ad lib C̅ BRP
up as desired with bathroom privileges
90
NPO p (with bar) midnight until FBS in am
nothing by mouth after midnight until fasting blood sugar in the morning
91
400 cc. PO TID c (with bar) meals
400 cubic centimetres by mouth 3 times a day with meals
92
TID
three times a day
93
up in w/c, assist c (with bar) transfers PRN
up in wheelchair, assist with transfers as necessary
94
c with bar
with
95
p with bar
after
96
PRN
as necessary
97
BID
two times a day
98
take pt. to PT BID
take patient to physical therapy two times a day
99
QID
four times a day
100
Q
every
101
admov.
apply
102
BM
bowel movement
103
pt.
patient
104
SOB
short of breath
105
amb
ambulate, to take on a walk
106
amb pt. c (with bar) SBA to BR
ambulate patient with stand by assistance to bed rest
107
SBA
stand by assistance
108
BR
bed rest
109
ROM to RUE QID
Range of motion to right upper extremity 4 times a day
110
RUE
right upper extremity
111
PROM to LUE BID
passive range of motion to left upper extremity twice a day
112
Obtain TPR and BP and report to CN stat
obtain temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure and report to clinical nurse immediately
113
check V.S. on client stat and QH after
check vital signs on client immediately and every hour after
114
HR
heart rate
115
post op
after surgery
116
pre op
before surgery
117
SOB
shortness if breath
118
elevate HOB of the person c (with line) CHF
elevate head of bed of person with congestive heart failure
119
temperature taken in the ear is called
tympanic
120
Diastolic is pressure in the blood vessels when the heart
relaxes
121
the color code for the rectal thermometer is
red
122
normal respiration is
14-20 per minute
123
normal rectal temperature is
99.6
124
elevated body temp may indicate
- infection
- shock
- inflammation
125
bending an arm or leg is called
flexion
126
self adaptive device to help with self feeding
food guards on plate, build up edge, rolling knife, spork
127
self dressing devices
- button hook
- shoes with Velcro
- shoe horn
128
hazards of immobility
- bone loss= osteoporosis
- decubitus ulcers
- contractures
129
true or false: TB is spread through the air
true: can be spread through coughing, sneezing, singing, laughing
130
mucus membranes
moist lining of mouth, nose, eyes, genitals
