Chapter 1 Unit Test Flashcards
(87 cards)
Who was John Locke?
Social Contract
Natural Rights Philosophy
Right to be free from God
What was the “social contract” theory?
“The only valid GOV is based on the consent of the governed.”
What type of government did Ancient Greece have?
Direct Democracy on a small scale
What was the structure of the Roman government?
Laws of the 12 Tables Public law (gov could/couldn't) Private law (individuals) Bicameral Senate
What is Feudalism?
Pyramid of Social Statuses
Divine Right of Kings (which we now refute)
What type of government existed in the Renaissance?
Protestants break away from Catholic Church.
Feudalism heading towards Monarchy.
What was invented during the Renaissance?
Printing Press
What is natural law?
Gave right to be free because created by God
Ruler should protect those rights
Who was Machievellian?
What was his theory?
“The ends justify the means.”
“It is better to be feared than loved.”
Who was Thomas Hobbs? What was his theory?
Wrote “The Leviathan” and displayed what life would be like without the GOV (that’s why we have Agent Carter)
One Ruler
Give up freedom for safety.
Define: separation of powers.
an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies
Define: checks and balances
counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated
Define: popular sovereignty
principle that the authority of the government is created and sustained by the consent of its people
Define: limited government
A political system in which legalized force is restricted through delegated and enumerated powers. (Ex. judicial review)
Define: federalism
system of government in which power is divided between a national (federal) government and various regional governments
Define: judicial review
What was this court case?
court can review an administrative action by a public body
Marbury v. Madison
Define: Pluralist
Merits/Shortcomings?
describes a political system where there is more than one center of power, which public interest prevails
Define: Elite
Merits/Shortcomings?
A theory of American democracy contending that an upper-class elite holds the power and makes policy, regardless of the formal government organization. ("Your one and only source into the scandalous lives of Manhattan's elite. XOXO Gossip Girl)
Define: Hyper pluralist
Merits/Shortcomings?
theory of government and politics contending that groups are so strong that government, which gives in to the many different groups, is thereby weakened
Define: Marxist
Merits/Shortcomings?
socialist society evolves into communism, class distinctions will no longer exist, which will eliminate the need for the state in any form
Define: Bureaucratic
Merits/Shortcomings?
This non-personal view of organizations followed a formal structure where rules, formal legitimate authority and competence were characteristics of appropriate management practices.
Define: Majoritarian
Merits/Shortcomings?
asserts that a majority of the population is entitled to a certain degree of primacy in society, and has the right to make decisions that affect the society
Define: Trustee Model
Merits/Shortcomings?
The philosophy that legislators should consider the will of the people but act in ways they believe best for the long-term interests of the nation
Define: Representation Model
Merits/Shortcomings?
Votes only on the views of the people they are representing