Chapter 1 Vocab

Question 1

Adversarial System

Answer 1

Judicial process whereby evidence is presented by two opposing parties to an impartial judge or jury

Question 2

Assizes

Answer 2

Travelling courts (King Henry)

Question 3

Case Law / Common Law

Answer 3

method of deciding cases based on recorded decisions of similar previous cases

Question 4

Circuit Judges

Answer 4

judges of travelling courts (assizes)

Question 5

Code of Hammurabi

Answer 5

First codified laws. Of babylon. Did not recognize the distinction between accidental and deliberate crime

Question 6

Code of Li K’vei

Answer 6

Set of Chinese laws written 350 BC

Question 7

Codified

Answer 7

arranged and recorded systematically

Question 8

Divine Right

Answer 8

the idea that monarchs got their power to rule from God and they are therefore only accountable to God

Question 9

Great laws of Manu

Answer 9

laws compiled in India- previously transferred orally

Question 10

Habeas Corpus

Answer 10

court order designed to prevent unlawful arrest by ensuring anyone detained is brought before a court in a reasonable amount of time
“you must have the body”
Introduced in the Magna Carta

Question 11

Justinian’s Code

Answer 11

clarification and organization of Roman Law commissioned by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian

Question 12

Magna Carta

Answer 12

charter designed by King John of England recognized individual basic rights for people of England
Habeas Corpus
Rule of Law
He accepts limited power- no more divine right

Question 13

Mosaic Law

Answer 13

Biblical or Hebrew law found in the Old Testament

Question 14

Napoleonic Law

Answer 14

code of law in France commissioned by Napoleon

Question 15

Quebec Civil Code

Answer 15

Based on French Civil Code

system of laws used in Quebec

Question 16

Restitution

Answer 16

Punishment, requires offenders to pay back for harm or loss

Question 17

Retribution

Answer 17

Punishment, by revenge.

Question 18

Rule of Law

Answer 18

the part principle of justice stating that:

• Law is necessary
• Law is equal to Everyone
• No arbitrary power

Introduced in Magna Carta

Question 19

Rule of Precedent

Answer 19

applying a previous decision to a case that has similar circumstances
Applies to Common Law

Question 20

Stare Decisis

Answer 20

judges must abide by the decisions previous made

“Stand by the decision”

Question 21

The Great Binding Law

Answer 21

constitution of the Iroquois Confederacy outlined laws for daily life

Question 22

Trail by combat

Answer 22

determining guilt or innocence by having the parties involved fight a duel

Question 23

Trail by Oath Helping

Answer 23

Having friends swear on the Bible of the accused innocence

Question 24

Trail by Ordeal

Answer 24

requiring the accused to undergo torture to determine guilt or innocence