Chapter 1 vocab

Question 1

Sociology

Answer 1

A science guided by the basic understanding that “the social matters: our lives are affected, not only by our individual characteristics but by our place place in the social world.

Question 2

Sociological Imagination

Answer 2

The ability to look beyond the individual as the cause for success and failure and see how one’s society influences the outcome.

Question 3

Micro

Answer 3

small scale

Question 4

Macro

Answer 4

large scale

Question 5

Solidarity

Answer 5

The level of connectedness and integration a person feels to others in the environment.

Question 6

Social Control

Answer 6

The social mechanisms that regulate a person’s actions

Question 7

Egoistic Suicides

Answer 7

Suicides that result from a lack of solidarity, occurring among those who have few social connections, feel isolated and alone, and are more likely to fall into despair.

Question 8

Altruistic Suicides

Answer 8

Suicides that occur when the level of solidarity is exceptionally high and when the individual views the group’s interest as superior to all other interests.

Question 9

Fatalistic Suicides

Answer 9

Suicides that result from too much social control

Question 10

Anomic Suicides

Answer 10

Suicides that occur as a result of rapid change, usually economic.

Question 11

Paradigm

Answer 11

A theoretical framework through which scientists study the world

Question 12

Functionalism

Answer 12

A theoretical framework that defines society as a system of interrelated parts

Question 13

Conflict Theory

Answer 13

A theoretical framework that views society as an unequal system that brings about conflict and change

Question 14

Symbolic Interactionism

Answer 14

A theoretical framework that focuses on how people interact with others in their everyday lives.

Question 15

Social Laws

Answer 15

Statements of fact that are unchanging under given conditions and can be used as ground rules for any kind of society.

Question 16

Social Statics

Answer 16

The existing structural elements of society

Question 17

Social Dynamics

Answer 17

The changes in the existing structural elements of society.

Question 18

Social Darwinism

Answer 18

A notion that suggests strong societies survive and weak ones become extinct.

Question 19

Mechanical Solidarity

Answer 19

The state of community bonding in traditional societies in which people share beliefs and values and perform common activities.

Question 20

Organic Solidarity

Answer 20

Occurs when people live in a society with a diverse division of labor

Question 21

Functions

Answer 21

Social factors that affect people in a society.

Question 22

Manifest Functions

Answer 22

Functions that lead to an expected consequence or outcome.

Question 23

Latent Functions

Answer 23

Functions that lead to unforeseen or unexpected consequences.

Question 24

Bourgeoisie

Answer 24

Members of the capitalist class.

Question 25

Proletariat

Answer 25

Members of the poor working class.

Question 26

False Consciousness

Answer 26

A person's lack of understanding of his or her position in society

Question 27

Class Consciousness

Answer 27

An understanding of one's position in the class system.

Question 28

Self

Answer 28

A person's identity and what makes that person different from others.

Question 29

Contagion

Answer 29

A rapid, irrational mode in which people do not think rationally or clearly.

Question 30

Dramaturgy

Answer 30

A theory of interaction in which all life is like acting

Question 31

Community Learning

Answer 31

When Individuals and groups work to identify and address issues of public concern