Chapter 1 Vocab.

Question 1

Evolution

Answer 1

An organisms adaptations to its environment

Question 2

Biology

Answer 2

The scientific study of life

Question 3

Emergent properties

Answer 3

The arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases

Question 4

Biosphere

Answer 4

All life on earth and all the places where life exists

Question 5

Ecosystem

Answer 5

All the living things in a particular area along with all the nonliving components of the environment with which life interacts

Question 6

Community

Answer 6

The array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem

Question 7

Population

Answer 7

Consist of all the individuals of a species living within the bounds of a specified area

Question 8

Organisms

Answer 8

Individual living things

Question 9

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 9

Contains membrane enclosed organelles

Question 10

Prokaryotic cell

Answer 10

Lacks a nucleus or other membrane enclosed organelles

Question 11

Organ

Answer 11

A body part that is made up of multiple tissues and has specific functions in the body

Question 12

Tissue

Answer 12

A group of cells that work together performing a specialized function

Question 13

Cell

Answer 13

Life’s fundamental unit of structure and function

Question 14

Organelles

Answer 14

The various functional components present in cells

Question 15

Molecule

Answer 15

A chemical structure consisting of two or more units called atoms

Question 16

DNA

Answer 16

Within cells, structures called chromosomes contain genetic material in the form of DNA

Question 17

Genes

Answer 17

Hey section of the DNA of the chromosome

Question 18

Gene expression

Answer 18

The entire process by which the information in a gene direct the production of the cellular product

Question 19

Genome

Answer 19

The entire library of genetic instructions that an organism inherits

Question 20

Genomics

Answer 20

Rather than investigating a single gene at a time, researchers study hall sets of genes in one or more species – an approach called genomics

Question 21

Proteomics

Answer 21

The study of sets of proteins and their properties

Question 22

Proteome

Answer 22

The entire set of proteins expressed by a given cell or group of cells

Question 23

Climate change

Answer 23

I directional change to the global climate that last for three decades or more

Question 24

Evolution

Answer 24

The scientific explanation for the unity and diversity of organisms

Question 25

Bacteria

Answer 25

One of the two prokaryotic domains

Question 26

Archaea

Answer 26

One of the two prokaryotic domains

Question 27

Natural selection

Answer 27

A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits

Question 28

Science

Answer 28

A way of knowing an approach to understanding the natural world

Question 29

Inquiry

Answer 29

A search for information and explanation is a natural phenomena

Question 30

Data

Answer 30

Recorded observations

Question 31

Hypothesis

Answer 31

An explanation, based on observations and assumptions, that leads to a testable prediction

Question 32

Experiment

Answer 32

A scientific test, often carried out under controlled conditions

Question 33

Controlled experiment

Answer 33

A group designed to compare and experimental group with a control group

Question 34

Variables

Answer 34

A feature or quantity that varies in an experiment

Question 35

Independent variable

Answer 35

The factor manipulated by the researchers

Question 36

Dependant variable

Answer 36

The factor being measured that is predicted to be affected by the independent variable

Question 37

Theory

Answer 37

An explanation that is broader in scope that a hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence

Question 38

Technology

Answer 38

The application of scientific knowledge for a specific purpose, often involving industry or commerce but also including uses in basic research