Chapter 1 Vocabulary

Question 1

Criminal justice

Answer 1

System of institutions, policies, and practices with the goal of maintaining social control and deterring crime through sanction and rehab

Question 2

Law enforcement

Answer 2

Charged with investigating crimes and arresting people who committed them

One of the three main components of the criminal justice system

Question 3

Courts

Answer 3

Responsible for interpreting and applying the law

One of the three main components of the criminal justice system

Question 4

Corrections

Answer 4

Protect society from criminals through housing, monitoring, and other programs

Question 5

Noble prosecution

Answer 5

Charges being dropped

Question 6

No bill

Answer 6

Decision made by grand jury that says there’s not enough evidence

Question 7

Nolo contendere

Answer 7

A plea saying defendants accepts charges but isn’t admitting guilt

Question 8

Indeterminate sentence

Answer 8

Sentence in a range of years 3-15 to be served

Question 9

Victim advocates

Answer 9

Trained professionals that help victims

Question 10

Inalienable rights

Answer 10

Rights that are universal

Question 11

Judicial activism

Answer 11

Deviation from the constitution( decision are influenced by personal or political)

Question 12

USA patriot act

Answer 12

Was signed by George w bush to protect us from terrorists

Question 13

USA freedom act

Answer 13

Stopped the NSA from collecting a lot of phone data

Question 14

Crime

Answer 14

Breaking of a law and someone says punishment is needed

Question 15

Street crimes

Answer 15

Involving a victim and a offender who come together in space and time

Question 16

Property crime

Answer 16

Crime against property(burglary, property theft, and vehicles theft)

Question 17

Victimless crimes

Answer 17

“Don’t have victims because they really don’t harm people”

Question 18

Cybercrime

Answer 18

Illegal activity on a computer

Question 19

Terrorism

Answer 19

The completed or threatened use of violence against a population for changing political, religious, and ideological positions

Question 20

Mala in se

Answer 20

Behavior that is sinful and wrong by nature

Question 21

Mala prohibita

Answer 21

behavior that is prohibited by law

Question 22

Decriminalization

Answer 22

Stopping criminal penalties with some behavior

Question 23

Justifiable homicide

Answer 23

Lawful killing of another person

Question 24

Castle doctrine

Answer 24

Document saying homeowners are no longer required to retreat if threatened

Question 25

Adultery

Answer 25

Sex with someone outside of marriage

Question 26

Rape

Answer 26

Penetration of vagina or anus with body part or object without consent

Question 27

Crime control perspective

Answer 27

Prevent crime by harsh punishment

Question 28

Rehabilitation perspective

Answer 28

A view that says the criminal justice system is to rehabilitate offenders

Question 29

Due process perspective

Answer 29

People should be treated fair in the system

Question 30

Restorative justice perspective

Answer 30

The criminal justice system is to restore justice through repairing harm

Question 31

Nonintervention perspective

Answer 31

The criminal justice system is supposed to be minimal and non intrusive

Question 32

Consensus model

Answer 32

Criminal justice system highlights the collaborative nature of the system

Question 33

Framing

Answer 33

The packing of criminal events in the media in tiny presentations to make sharing easy

Question 34

Faulty criminal justice system frame

Answer 34

Says that crime occurs because people feel like they can get away with it

Question 35

Narrow casting

Answer 35

Narrow view of info in the media to small audiences

Question 36

Blocked opportunities frame

Answer 36

Crime happens from a lack of legal options(unemployed people commit crime)

Question 37

Social breakdown frame

Answer 37

Crime happens from a breakdown in family or community

Question 38

Racist system frame

Answer 38

Problem isn't crime it's the racist government

Question 39

Violent media frame

Answer 39

Crime is a direct result of the violent media in tv, movies, etc

Question 40

Infotainment

Answer 40

The marketing of a highly edited combination of entertainment and information told to be true

Question 41

Criminology

Answer 41

An academic discipline that investigates the nature, extent, and causes of criminal offending and criminal victimization