Chapter 10&11 Vocabulary

Question 1

party organization in big cities that holds power by controlling votes, courts and police

Answer 1

political machine

Question 2

payment of a sum received from increased fees because of a confidential agreement or act of coercion

Answer 2

kickback

Question 3

division of a city for representative, electoral, or administrative purposes

Answer 3

ward

Question 4

person who promotes or secures the passage of legislation by influencing public officials

Answer 4

lobbyist

Question 5

local unit of government within a county

Answer 5

township

Question 6

practice of elected officials to make appointments to unelected government positions for political advantage or repayment of favors

Answer 6

patronage

Question 7

unrelated amendment attached to a bill under legislative consideration

Answer 7

rider

Question 8

one that practices or advocates trade without taxes or tariffs

Answer 8

free-trader

Question 9

one who advocates government protection for domestic producers and manufacturers through restrictions on imports

Answer 9

protectionist

Question 10

customs, manners, and institutions that existed before the Civil War

Answer 10

antebellum

Question 11

European-influenced literary movement that strove for accurate representation of nature or real life without idealization

Answer 11

realism

Question 12

person who leaves his or her native country to live elsewhere

Answer 12

expatriate

Question 13

Type of newspaper reporting in the late 1900s that featured sensational headlines and stories

Answer 13

yellow journalism

Question 14

illegal immigrants among individual railroads to divide the total volume of freight among their lines and to keep rates high

Answer 14

pooling

Question 15

enterprise or organization owned by and operated for the benefit of those using its services

Answer 15

cooperative

Question 16

decline in money’s value when more money is printed , resulting in increased prices of goods and services

Answer 16

inflation

Question 17

economic condition in which the volume of available money or credit decreases, resulting in the decline of the price of goods and services

Answer 17

deflation

Question 18

monetary system in which a nation’s currency is based on the value of gold

Answer 18

gold standard

Question 19

political party operation in addition to two other major parties in a nation or state normally characterized by a two party system

Answer 19

third party

Question 20

Lavish spending for show

Answer 20

conspicuous consumption

Question 21

acquisition of money or power in dishonest or questionable ways while in public office

Answer 21

graft