Chapter 10 Flashcards
What family of compounds are the vitamin K1 compounds called?
Phylloquinones
What important molecule is magnesium conjugated to in the body?
ATP
What percent of magnesium in the human body is found in bone tissue?
60%
What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of vitamin A for adult males ( > 18 years of age)?
900 μg/day
Deficiencies in vitamin E can lead to which of the following?
Slurred speech
What is the group of compounds that make up the vitamin A family called?
Retinoids
What elemental metal is present in vitamin B12?
Cobalt
What is the common name for vitamin B2?
Riboflavin
What is the maximal recommended daily intake of mercury?
2 µg/kg
What percent of athletes have been found to have inadequate levels of vitamin D?
54%
In what process does selenium play a critical role?
Antioxidant system
What differentiates macro- and micronutrients?
The quantity in which they are needed in the diet.
Iron deficiency is the primary cause of which of the following conditions?
Anemia
Deficiencies in vitamin B1 lead to which of the following?
Beriberi
What percent of children under the age of 5 have vitamin A deficiency worldwide?
33%
Vitamin C deficiencies occur in what percentage of the population of the United States?
7%
What is the recommended serving amount of fruit per day based on USDA Guidelines?
4
What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of iodine for adults (men and non-pregnant or lactating women > 18 years of age)?
150 μg/day
What is the definition of Estimated Average Requirement for a nutrient?
A nutrient intake value that is estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a group.
What disease is the result of vitamin D deficiency?
Rickets
What is the intracellular-to-extracellular ratio of potassium?
30:1
In which of the following key processes is chromium involved?
Insulin signaling
What is the normal range of calcium in the blood?
8.4-9.5 mg/dL
Deficiencies in vitamin C can lead to which of the following?
Scurvy
