Chapter 10

Question 1

Agrobiodiversity

Answer 1

Genetic variety of animal and plant species used on farms to create food

Question 2

Alley cropping

Answer 2

The planting of rows of trees or shrubs to create alleys in which crops are grown

Question 3

Antibiotics

Answer 3

Antibacterial treatments used to treat sick livestock and plants

Question 4

Aquaculture

Answer 4

The practice of raising fish for human consumption in freshwater or underwater cages in the wild

Question 5

Broad-spectrum pesticide

Answer 5

A pesticide which kills all or most organisms within reach

Question 6

Bycatch

Answer 6

Anything fishermen catch in nets that is not the targetted species

Question 7

Contour planting

Answer 7

The planting of crops along the natural contour lines of a field slope

Question 8

Crop rotation

Answer 8

The continual coverage of fields with a variety of different crops throughout multiple seasons

Question 9

Crossbreeding

Answer 9

The strategic mating of two different breeds to produce a desired outcome

Question 10

Desertification

Answer 10

The process by which productive topsoil decreases by 10% or more as a result of changing climate and human influence

Question 11

Enteric fermentation

Answer 11

The natural digestive process of carbohydrates by which livestock produce high levels of methane

Question 12

Erosion

Answer 12

The movement or waring down of rocks and soils

Question 13

Feed lot

Answer 13

A mass-feeding operation intended to quickly prepare livestock for human consumption

Question 14

Fish farms

Answer 14

The commercial breeding of fish in artificial enclosures for human consumption

Question 15

Fishery

Answer 15

An area of the ocean with wild fish populations

Question 16

Fungicide

Answer 16

A chemical that destroys fungus

Question 17

Genetic engineering

Answer 17

The introduction of new traits to an organism through genetic modification for a specific purpose

Question 18

Herbicide

Answer 18

A substance used to control undesired plant populations (weeds)

Question 19

Industrialized agriculture

Answer 19

Motorized equipment, monocultures, chemicals, and financial capital

Question 20

Insecticide

Answer 20

A substance used to control unwanted pest populations

Question 21

Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

Answer 21

The use of chemicals and non-chemicals to regulate pest populations; the evaluation of crops and pests as part of an elaborate ecosystem

Question 22

Irrigation

Answer 22

Water supply for crops by man-made structures like underground pipes

Question 23

Malnutrition

Answer 23

Too little or too much of certain plant nutrients

Question 24

Monoculture

Answer 24

The production of a singular crop for human consumption

Question 25

Monoculture

Answer 25

The production of a singular crop for human consumption

Question 26

Organic agriculture

Answer 26

The production of crops and animals for human consumption without the use of inorganic pesticides, fertilizers, or genetic engineering