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Radiation Protection > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

These organizations are extensively occupied with formulating risk estimates of somatic and genetic effects of irradiation

A

ICRP
NCRP
UNSCEAR
NAS/NRC-BEIR

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2
Q

Evaluates information on biological effects of radiation and provides protection guidance through general recommendations on occupational and public dose limits

A

ICRP

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3
Q

Reviews regulations formulated by the ICRP and decides ways to included those recommendations in US radiation protection criteria

A

NCRP

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4
Q

Evaluates human and environmental ionizing radiation exposure and derived radiation risk assessments from epidemiological data and research conclusions; provides information to organizations such as the ICRP for evaluation

A

UNSCEAR

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5
Q

Reviews studies of biologic effects of ionizing radiation and risk assessment and provides the information to organizations such as the ICRP for evaluation

A

NAS/NRC-BEIR

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6
Q

When was UNSCEAR established

A

1955

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7
Q

When was the NCRP established

A

1964

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8
Q

UNSCEAR evaluates human and environmental exposures from a variety of sources including;

A

Radioactive materials
Radiation producing machines
Radiation accidents

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9
Q

5 US REGULATORY AGENCIES

A
  1. NRC
  2. Agreement states
  3. EPA
  4. FDA
  5. OSHA
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10
Q

NRC

A

Oversees the nuclear energy industry, enforces radiation protection standards, publishes its rules and regulations in Title 10 of the US Code of Federal Regulation
Regulates the use of radioisotopes

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11
Q

Agreement states

A

Enforce radiation protection regulations through their respective health departments

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12
Q

EPA

A

Facilitates the development and enforcement of regulations pertaining to the control of radiation in the environment

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13
Q

FDA

A

Conducts an ongoing product radiation control program, regulating the design and manufacture of electronic products, including x-ray equipment

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14
Q

OSHA

A

Functions as a monitoring agency in places of employment, predominantly in industry

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15
Q

The NRC mandates that a ________ be established for facilities

A

Radiation safety committee

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16
Q

A RSO should be selected to

A

Oversee the programs daily operation
Provide for formal review of the program each year

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17
Q

What is equivalent dose

A

Product of absorbed dose in a tissue or organ in the human body

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18
Q

What is equivalent dose base on

A

Type of radiation
Wr

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19
Q

What is effect dose

A

Provides a measure of the overall risk of exposure to ionizing radiation

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20
Q

What is effective dose based on

A

Radiation type
Tissue type

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21
Q

ICRP provides measurements for what

A

Occupational and Public dose limits

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22
Q

Non governmental
Non profit
Private

A

NCRP

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23
Q

Determines how the ICRPs recommendations are incorporated into the US radiation protection criteria

A

NCRP

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24
Q

Helps to formulate radiation protection guidelines
Evaluate human and environmental ionizing radiation from different sources

A

UNSCEAR

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25
Q

unscear uses

A

information from Radiation Effects Research Foundation to study epidemiological data from Japanese atomic bomb survivors

26
Q

When was Beir V report formulated

A

1990

27
Q

Group that reviews studies of biological effects of ionizing radiation

A
28
Q

name the four US regulatory agencies

A

NRC
AGREEMENT STATES
EPA
FDA
OSHA

29
Q

Has the authority to control the possession, use, and production of atomic energy in the interest of national security

A

NRC

30
Q

This group has the power to enforce radiation protection standards

A

NRC

31
Q

Main function of the NRC

A

Oversee the nuclear energy industry
Controls manufacture and use of radioactive isotopes

32
Q

Conducts an ongoing product radiation control program, regulating design and manufacturing of electron products including x ray equipment

A

FDA

33
Q

Responsible for an employees right to know

A

OSHA

34
Q

Concept of radiation exposure and the associated risk of radiation induced malignancy

A

Basis of EfD limiting system

35
Q

UNSCEAR evaluates human and environmental ionizing radiation from three different sources

A

Radioactive material
Radiation producing machines
Radiation accidents

36
Q

Does the NRC regulate or inspect imaging facilities

A

No

37
Q

Main Functions of NRC

A

oversee nuclear energy industry
Controls manufacture and use of radioactive isotopes formed in nuclear reactors

38
Q

Facilitates the development and enforcement of regulations pertaining to the control of radiation in the ENVIRONMENT

A

EPA

39
Q

Performs on site inspections of x ray equipment

A

FDA

40
Q

Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968

A

Protect the public from the hazards of unnecessary radiation exposure resulting from electronic products and diagnostic x ray equipment

41
Q

When did the code of standards for diagnostic x ray equipment go into effect

A

August 1, 1974

42
Q

Alara was initiated in

A

1954

43
Q

Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act of 1981

A

Programs should be accredited
Technologist should be accredited

44
Q

FDA White paper

A

Each patient should get the right exam, at the right time, with the right dose

45
Q

Severe skin burn

A

2,000 mGy or higher

46
Q

Hair loss

A

3,000 mGy or higher

47
Q

Decreased sperm count

A

150 mGy or higher

48
Q

Random effects such as cancer or hereditary

A

Stochastic

49
Q

EfD limiting system

A

method for controlling risk of biological damage to radiation workers and the public

50
Q

EfD limit for continuous or frequent exposure from artificial sources

A

1 mSv

51
Q

EfD limit for annually infrequent exposures

A

5 mSv

52
Q

Monthly eQd limit for embryo

A

.5 mSv

53
Q

EqD LIMIT FOR ENTIRE PREGNANCY

A

5 mSv

54
Q

Stochastic Effects
Threshold or non

A

NON

55
Q

Tissue reactions
Threshold or no

A

Threshold

56
Q

Annual Occupational EfD limit

A

50 mSv

57
Q

Tissue weighting factors for bone surface and skin

A

.01

58
Q

Tissue weighting factor for breast, bladder, liver

A

.05

59
Q

tissue weighting factor for red bone marrow, colon, lungs, stomach

A

.12

60
Q

tissue weighting factor for gonads

A

.20

Radiation Protection (1 decks)

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