Chapter 10

Question 1

What is human resources management?

Answer 1

formal systems for the management of people within an organization

Question 2

What is human capital?

Answer 2

the knowledge, skills, and abilities of employees that have economic value

Question 3

What are demand forecasts?

Answer 3

determining how many and what type of people are needed for a certain task

Question 4

What is supply of labor?

Answer 4

how many and what types of employees the organization actually will have

Question 5

What are some human resources activities?

Answer 5

• employee recruitment
• employee selection
• diversity and inclusion
• training and development

Question 6

What is a job analysis?

Answer 6

a tool for determining what is done on a given job and what should be done on that job

Question 7

What is recruitment and selection?

Answer 7

• the development of a pool of applicants for jobs in an organization
• choosing from among qualified applicants to hire

Question 8

What is a structured interview?

Answer 8

selection technique that involves asking all applicants the same questions and comparing their responses to a standardized set of answers

Question 9

What is an assessment center?

Answer 9

a managerial performance test in which candidates participate in a variety of exercies and situations

Question 10

What is the difference between reliability and validity?

Answer 10

• reliability: the consistency of test scores over time and across alternative measurements
• validity: the degree to which a selcetion test predicts or correlates with job performance (criterion, content.)

Question 11

What is an adverse impact?

Answer 11

when a seemingly neutral employment practice has a disproportionately negative effect on a protected group

Question 12

What is the Fair Labor Standards Act (1938)?

Answer 12

creates exempt (salaried) and nonexempt (hourly) employee categories, governing overtime and other rules; sets minimum wage, child labor laws

Question 13

What is the Equal Pay Act (1963)?

Answer 13

prohibits gender-based pay discrimination between two jobs substantially similar in skill, effort, responsibility, and working conditions

Question 14

What is the Title VII of Civil Rights Act (1964)?

Answer 14

prohibits discrimination based on race, sex, color, religion, or national origin in employement decisions; hiring, pay, working conditions, promotion, discipline, or discharge

Question 15

What are Executive Orders 11246 and 11375 (1965)?

Answer 15

requires equal opportunity clauses in gederal contracts; prohibits employment discrimination by federal contractors based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

Question 16

What is the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967)?

Answer 16

prohibits employment discrimination based on age for persons over 40 years; restricts mandatory retirement

Question 17

What is the Vocational Rehabilitation Act (1973)?

Answer 17

requires affirmative action by all federal contractors for persons with disabilities; defines diabilities as physical or mental impairments that substantially limit life activities

Question 18

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What is the Americans with Disabilities Act (2008)?

Answer 18

extends affirmative action provisions of Vocational Rehabilitation Act to private employers; requires workplace modifications to facilitate disabled employees; prohibits discrimination against disabled

Question 19

What is the Civil Rights Act (1991)?

Answer 19

clarifies Title VII requirements: disparate treatment impact suits, business necessity, job relatedness; shifts burden of proof to employer; permits punitive damages and jury trials

Question 20

What is the Family and Medical Leave Act (1991)?

Answer 20

requires 12 weeks’ unpaid leave for medical or family needs: paternity, family member illness

Question 21

What is orientation training?

Answer 21

training designed to introduce new employees to the company and familiarize them with policies, procedures, culture, and the like.

Question 22

What is team training?

Answer 22

training that provides employees with the skills and perspectives they need to collaborate with others

Question 23

What is diversity training?

Answer 23

programs that focus on identifying and reducing hidden biases against people with differences and developing the skills needed to manage a diversified workforce

Question 24

What is a performance appraisal (PA)?

Answer 24

it is the assessment of an employee’s job performance

Question 25

What is managing by objectives (MBO)?

Answer 25

a process in which objectives set by a subordinate and a supervisor must be reached within a given time period

Question 26

What is a 360-degree appraisal?

Answer 26

process of using multiple sources of appraisal to gain a comprehensive perspective on one's performance

Question 27

How do you give feedback?

Answer 27

1. summarize the employee's performance, and be specific 2. explain why the employee's work is important to the organization 3. thank the employee for doing the job 4. raise any releveant issues, such as areas for improvement 5. express confidence in the employee's future good performance

Question 28

What are labor relations?

Answer 28

the system of relations between workers and management

Question 29

What is a union shop?

Answer 29

an organization with a union and a union security clause specifying that workers must join the union after a set period of time

Question 30

What is the term "right-to-work"?

Answer 30

legislation that allows employees to work without having to join a union