chapter 10 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the properties of gas?
Gas can be compressed,
it can exert pressure on whatever surrounds them,
and expand into whatever volume is available
Most of the volume of gas is
empty space
how thoroughly do gases mix with one another
completely
What 4 variables are used to model the properties of gas?
V (volume)
T (temp, K)
n = amount (moles)
P = pressure (atmosphere
What does it actually mean when we say oxygen is a gas
it means that Oxygen is a gas at normal conditions of P and T
Equation for Pressure
p= force/area
List the conversion factors for 1 atm
1 atm = 760 mm Hg
1 atm = 760 torr
1 atm = 101,325 Pa
1 atm = 1.01325 bar
1 atm = 14.696 lb/in²
what do u use to measure the pressure of air
barometer
what is the unit of measurement for pressure
ATM (atmosphere)
What does the boyles law state
the pressure of a system of gas particles are inversely proportional to the volume of fixed numbers of moles (n) at a constant temp (t).
equations for boyles law
P * V =C_b
p1v1=p2v2
what is a good example of boyles law
bicycle pump
Charles law
The volume of a system of gas particles is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of a fixed number of moles at constant pressure. V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
What is the Combined Gas Law?
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂
State Avogadro’s Hypothesis
Equal amounts of gases (moles) at the same temperature (T) and pressure (P) occupy equal volumes (V).
What is the Ideal Gas Law? What is the value of the gas constant R?
PV = nRT, R = 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K
How is gas density calculated?
Density = mass/volume, d = (P * Mwt) / (R * T)
State Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures.
The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were present alone.
What are the assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)?
- Gases consist of molecules in constant, random motion.
- The volume of gas molecules is negligible compared to the total volume in which the gas is contained.
-Pressure arises from collisions with container walls.
-No attractive/repulsive forces between molecules.
-Average kinetic energy is proportional to the absolute temperature (K) and is constant if T remains unchanged.
-Collisions are elastic.
State Graham’s Law.
The rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
gas is made up of
large collection of particles that are in constant random motion
