Chapter 10 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Define risk.
the possibility of suffering harm from a hazard
List and give an example of the 4 types of hazards people face.
cultural - smoking
chemical - food
physical - fires
biological - pathogens
Define bioaccumulation.
chemicals stored in organs of animals
Define biomagnifications.
chemicals passed to each member of food chain
Explain why some chemicals are found in large amounts at the top of a food chain?
the buildup of the chemicals from the food chain
Define poison.
something that could potentially kill something else
What does “the dose makes the poison” mean?
some poisons may not be poisonous at small doses
What is a mutagen? Give example.
causes mutations in DNA molecules found in cells
EX. UV radiation
What is a teratogen? Give example.
causes birth defects while embryo is growing and developing during pregnancy
EX. alcohol
What is a carcinogen? Give example.
causes or promotes cancer
EX. cigaretts
What systems are compromised by toxic chemicals in the environment?
immune system
nervous system
endocrine system
Differentiate between transmissible and non transmissible diseases.
transmissible - doesn’t spread and not caused by living organism
non transmissible - spreadable, caused by living organism
What infectious disease has been on the rise since 1990 and kills about 1.8 million people each year?
TB
What is a pathogen?
infectious agents that spread transmissible diseases
Define risk assessment.
looking at how the risk is affecting the world
Why are viral diseases difficult to combat?
viruses are not living so they cannot be killed
Describe how bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?
with overuse
What are HAA?
Hormonally Active Agents
What is meant by pollution prevention?
coming up with ways to stop pollution
How do cancerous tumors spread?
metastasis
What system consists of specialized cells and tissues that protect the body against disease and harmful substances by forming antibodies and making invading agents harmless?
immune system
What are poisons that attack nerve cells
neurotoxins
What system consists of a complex network of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream?
endocrine system
List some diseases caused by bacteria?
pneumonia/flu
diarrhea diseases
TB
