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Science 8th grade > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

0
Q

A form in which matter exists

A

State

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1
Q

The ability to do work or cause change. All states of matter contained this

A

Energy

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2
Q

What happens when heat is added or removed from a system

A

The temperature of substances in the system increases if he is added or if you just removed from my system the temperature decreases.

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3
Q

If enough heat is added to or removed from a system what happens

A

substances in the system will change state

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4
Q

Has a definite shape and volume with an orderly arrangement of particles

A

Solid

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5
Q

Definite volume but no definite shape particles are packed tightly but not as rigid the as in a solid today move around one another

A

Liquid

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6
Q

No definite shape or no definite volume with particles that move and spread apart to fill the entire space/container

A

Gas

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7
Q

When air or gas is ionized what forms with conductive properties similar to those of metals . It is the most abundant form of matter in the universe

A

Plasma

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8
Q

A transfer of energy that causes changes in matter by allowing particles and I’ve asked to vibrate faster

A

Heat

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9
Q

What is potential energy

A

The energy that results from that position or shape of an object. Higher up = more potential energy

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10
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

The energy that results from the motion of an object

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11
Q

How do you get mechanical energy

A

Potential energy plus Kinetic Energy

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12
Q

What is mechanical energy

A

Energy that is associated with the position shape or motion of an object

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13
Q

What is thermal energy

A

The total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in an object

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14
Q

Thermal energy that is transferred

A

Heat

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15
Q

How does energy flow

A

From a hotter object to a cooler object. One direction

16
Q

What is nuclear energy

A

A type of potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. Released during a nuclear reaction

17
Q

What is electrical energy

A

The energy of electric charges

18
Q

What is electromagnetic energy

A

A form of energy that travels through space in waves

19
Q

What is chemical energy

A

Potential energy stored in chemical bonds which hold atoms together

20
Q

Example of a single transformation of energy

A

Example and you’re probably food is chemical energy then transferred into mechanical energy to move your muscles

21
Q

Example of a multiple transformation of energy

A

Car engine equals electrical energy of a spark to thermal energy Turleys chemical energy in the gas then mechanical energy to move

22
Q

What happens when energy is transformed

A

The energy is conserved it is neither lost or created

23
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy

A

It states energy is neither lost nor crated during a transformation

24
Q

What is friction

A

The force that one surface exerts on another surface when two surfaces rub against each other

25
Q

What happens when the energy of a system is exposed to friction

A

The energy may decrease but overall energy in the system is neither lost nor created. In fact, the heat produced by friction is evidence that energy is conserved

26
Q

What is convection

A

A type of heat transfer that okay is only in fluids such as water and air

27
Q

What is a convection current

A

The flow of air that creates a circular motion

28
Q

What is radiation

A

The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. Transfer does not require matter

29
Q

What is conduction

A

The transfers heat from one particle of matter to another within an object or between two objects

30
Q

What is temperature is a measure of

A

How hot or cold something is compared to a reference point

31
Q

What happens as an object heats up

A

Particles move faster and an increase in kinetic energy and temperature

32
Q

What is thermal energy 2

A

The total energy of all the particles in an object

33
Q

What determines an object thermal energy

A

The temperature, the number of particles in the object, and how those particles are arranged

34
Q

What is heat measured in

A

Joules

Science 8th grade (3 decks)

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