Chapter 10

Question 1

Cell Division

Answer 1

Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

Question 2

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 2

Process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

Question 3

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 3

Fusion of two parent cells.

Question 4

Chromosomes

Answer 4

Threadlike structures of DNA and protein that contain genetic information; in eukaryotes, chromosomes are found in the nucleus, in prokaryotes, they are found in the cytoplasm

Question 5

Chromatin

Answer 5

Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones

Question 6

Cell Cycle

Answer 6

Series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells

Question 7

Interphase

Answer 7

“Inbetween period of growth”

Question 8

Cytokinesis

Answer 8

Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells

Question 9

Chromatid

Answer 9

One of the two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome

Question 10

Prophase

Answer 10

first and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become viable

Question 11

Centromere

Answer 11

region of the chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach

Question 12

Centrioles

Answer 12

structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division

Question 13

Metaphase

Answer 13

phase in mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

Question 14

Anaphase

Answer 14

Phase in mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell

Question 15

Telophase

Answer 15

Final phase, chromosomes spread out snd dangle in chromatin

Question 16

Mitosis

Answer 16

Process of division of the cell nucleus

Question 17

Cyclin

Answer 17

One of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells

Question 18

Growth Factors

Answer 18

Stimulate growth and division of cells

Question 19

Apoptosis

Answer 19

Process of programmed cell death

Question 20

Cancer

Answer 20

Disorder in which some of the body’s cells lose the ability to control growth

Question 21

Tumor

Answer 21

Mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissue

Question 22

Embryo

Answer 22

developing stage of a multicellular organism

Question 23

Differentiation

Answer 23

Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function

Question 24

Totipotent

Answer 24

Cells that are able to develop into any type of cell found in the body (including the cells that make up the extraembryonic membranes and placenta)

Question 25

Blastocyst

Answer 25

Stage of early development in mammals that consists of a hollow ball of cells

Question 26

Pluripotent

Answer 26

Cells capable f developing into most of yhe bodys cell types

Question 27

Stem Cells

Answer 27

Unspecialized cell that can give rise to one or more types of specialized cells

Question 28

Multipotent

Answer 28

Cell with limited potential to develop into many types of differentiated cells