Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Soft Money

A

Funds obtained by political parties that are spent on party activities, such as get out the vote drives, but not on behalf of a specific candidate

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2
Q

Independent Expenditures

A

Spending by political action committees, corporations, or labor unions to help a party or candidate but done independently of them

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3
Q

Blanket Primary

A

A primary election in which each voter may vote for candidates from both parties

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4
Q

Runoff Primaries

A

A second primary election held when no candidate wins a majority of the votes in the first primary.

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5
Q

General Election

A

An election held to choose which candidate will hold office

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6
Q

Primary Election

A

An election held to choose candidates for office

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7
Q

Closed Primary

A

A primary election in which voting is limited to already registered party members

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8
Q

Open Primary

A

A primary election in which voters may choose In which party to vote as they enter the polling place

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9
Q

Position issue

A

An issue about which the public is divided and rival candidates or political parties adopt different policy positions.

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10
Q

Valence issue

A

An issue about which the public is united and rival candidates or political parties adopt similar positions in hopes that each will be thought to best represent those widely shared beliefs

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11
Q

Clothespin vote

A

The vote cast by a person who does not like either candidate and so votes for the less objectionable of the two, putting a clothespin over his or her nose to keep out the unpleasant stench.

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12
Q

Sophomore surge

A

An increase in the votes congressional candidates usually get when they first run for reelection

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13
Q

Malapportionment

A

Drawing the boundaries of legislative districts so that they are unequal in population

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14
Q

Gerrymandering

A

Drawing the boundaries of legislative districts or unusual shapes to favor one party

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15
Q

Political action committee (PAC)

A

A committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations

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16
Q

Incumbent

A

The person already holding an elective office

17
Q

Coattails

A

The alleged tendency of candidates to win more votes in an election because of the presence at the top of the ticket of a better known candidate, such as the president

18
Q

527 organizations

A

Organizations under section 527 of the internal revenue code money to advance political causes.