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Psych > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

set of factors that active, direct, and maintain behavior toward some goal

A

motivation

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2
Q

subjective feeling that includes arousal (heart beat), cognitions (thoughts, values, and expectations), and expressive behaviors (smiling)

A

emotions

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3
Q

fixed unlearned response patterns found in almost all members of a species

A

instinct

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4
Q

motivation begins with a physiological need that elicts a drive toward behavior that will satisfy the original need

A

drive reduction theory

- once need is met, state of balance/ homeostasis is restored and motivation decreases

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5
Q

body’s tendency to maintain a relatively balanced and stable internal state such as a constant internal temperature

A

homeostasis

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6
Q

organisms are motivated to achieve and maintain an optimal lvl of arousal that maximizes their performance

A

optimal-arousal theory

- is between deep sleep and high anxiety

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7
Q

motivation results from external stimuli that pull an organism in certain direction

A

incentive theory

- ex seeing pie pulls us towards eating it while for drive reduction theory, hunger pushes us to eat

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8
Q

motivation is directly affected by attributions or ways in which we interpret or think about our own and others’ action

A

cognitive theories

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9
Q

Hierarchy of need was made by…

A

Maslow

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10
Q

What is the hierarchy of need?

A

prioritize human needs by starting with….

1) physiological needs (hunger and thirst)
2) safety needs (secure and safe)
3) belonging and love needs (feel accepted and receive affection)
4) esteem needs (feel competent, gain approval)
5) self-actualization needs (find self-fulfillment and realize one’s potential)

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11
Q

Another word for feeling full

A

satiety- due to pressure receptors in the stomach

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12
Q

Parts of brain with hunger that stimulates eating

A

lateral hypothalamus

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13
Q

Parts of brain with hunger that creates feelings of satiation

A

ventromedial hypothalamus

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14
Q

If person had brain damage and starts overeating it could be due to

A

ventromedial hypothalamus was damaged

- also see increase in insulin

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15
Q

If person starts to starve to death after brain damage

A

lateral hypothalamus was damaged

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16
Q

BMI of anorexia

A

below 17

17
Q

What did Masters and Johnson do?

A

see how body changes when it went from nonarousal to orgasm to nonarousal state again

series of event was called sexual response cycle

  • had four stages:
  • excitement
  • plateau
  • orgasm
  • resolution
18
Q

Motivation for a task or activity based on external rewards or threats of punishment

A

extrinsic motivation

- doing something for a reward, praise, or money

19
Q

Motivation for a task or activity based on internal or personal satisfaction

A

intrinsic motivation

- because it is fun

20
Q

A complex pattern of feelings that includes arousal (heart pounding), cognitions (thoughts, values, and expectations), and expressive behaviors (smiles, frowns, and gestures)

A

emotions

21
Q

Part of brain that plays a key role in emotion

A

amygdala

  • part of limbic system
  • especially for fear
22
Q

our brain’s sensory switchboard

A

thalamus

23
Q

James Lange theory

A

theory of emotion that suggest that the subjective experience of emotion results from physiological changes rather than being their cause

  • so each emotion is physiologically distinct
  • i feel sad because i am crying
24
Q

Two factor theory

A

Was by Schachter and singer

theory of emotion that emotions depend on two factors

  • physiological arousal
  • cognitive labeling of that arousal
  • if we cry at a wedding, we label our emotion as happiness
  • if we cry at a funeral, we label the emotion as sadness
25
Q

facial feedback hypothesis

A

hypothesis that movt of the facial muscles produce and/or intensify our subjective experience of emotion

Psych (4 decks)

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